altruism and aggression, interpersonal attraction

altruism

 unselfish concern for the welfare of others

prosocial behavior

refers to any action that benefits other people

the empathy-altruism hypothesis

psychological altruism does exist and is evoked by the empathic desire to help someone who is suffering

social exchange theory

theory that believes our social behavior is an exchange process; the aim is to maximize benefits and minimize costs.

social responsibility

largely learned; it is a norm that tells us to help others when they need us even though they may not repay us

aggression

any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy 
biological bases: genetics, head injury, and testosterone

frustration-aggression principle

 the principle that frustration (the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal) creates anger, which can generate aggression

social script

culturally provided mental files for how we act
eg. modeling of aggressive behaviors from family, friends, tv, et

interpersonal attraction

all of the forces that lead people to like each other, establish relationships, and in some cases, fall in love

proximity

the closer together people are physically, the more likely they are to form a relationship/friendship

physical attractiveness

people tend to like those whom they find physically attractive   

mere exposure effect

the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them 

similarity

the more similar two people are in attitudes, background, and other traits, the more probable it is that they will like each other

passionate love

an aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship

compassionate love

the deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwine

equity

a condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it

self-disclosure

 revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

matching hypothesis states

that people have a tendency to choose partners whose level of attractiveness they believe to be equal to their own

reciprocity of liking

people have a very strong tendency to like people who like them 

sternberg’s components of love

proposes that love is composed of three distinct but interrelated components: (1) intimacy: the feelings of closeness that one has for another person or the sense of having close emotional ties to another
(2) passion: The physical aspect of love, the emotional & sexual arousal a person feels towards the other person 
(3) commitment: The decisions one makes about a relationship, promise to sustain the relationship 

consummate love

the most complete and ideal form of love, combining intimacy, passion, and commitment