PHA6138: Introduction to Legal Pharmacy and Ethics & Philippine Laws and Government Agencies

Branches of Law

Categories of law that include Civil Law, Criminal Law, Remedial Law, Jurisprudence, Ethics, Administrative Law, and Contract Law.

Civil Law

Branch of law which has for its double purpose organization of the family and regulation of property.

Criminal Law

Deals with conduct that is considered harmful to social order and in which the guilty party may be imprisoned or fined.

Remedial Law

Branch of law which deals with the rules concerning pleading, practice, and procedures in all courts in the Philippines.

Jurisprudence

Science of philosophy of law.

Ethics

Science of morality, which distinguishes between right and wrong behavior.

Administrative Law

Part of the law which fixes the organization and humans, specifically made by the different departments.

Contract Law

Body of law that governs the creation, interpretation, and enforcement of agreements between two or more persons.

Property Law

Regulates the transfer and title of personal property and real property.

Trust Law

Applies to assets held for investment and financial security, governing relationships where one person holds and manages property for the benefit of another.

Tort Law

Branch of law that deals with civil wrongs, allowing claims for compensation if a person's property is harmed.

Divine Laws

Laws ascribed to God, such as those written in the Bible, including the 10 commandments.

Human Laws

Laws made by man.

International Law

Governs affairs between sovereign states in activities ranging from trade to military action.

Public International Law

Concerns relationships between sovereign nations.

Constitutional Law

Concerns both the relationships between the executive, legislature, and judiciary and the human rights or civil liberties of individuals against the state.

Labor Law

Study of a tripartite industrial relationship between worker, employer, and trade union.

Public Law

Governs the relationship between individuals and the state.

Private Law

Also known as Civil Law, it governs disputes between private individuals or organizations.

Substantive Law

The 'what' of the law, defining the rights, duties, and crimes themselves.

Procedural Law

The 'how' of the law, setting the rules for how a case must proceed through the legal system.

Sources of Law

Includes Constitution, Legislation, Administrative Law, and Common Law.

Republic Act 5921

Specific legislation related to legal pharmacy and ethics.

Republic Act 10918

Specific legislation related to legal pharmacy and ethics.

Public Law No. 5

All republic acts are under legislation.

Act No. 597

Specific legislation related to equal rights within the family.

Senior Citizens Act

Legislation aimed at protecting the rights and welfare of senior citizens.

Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2003

Legislation that expands the benefits and protections for senior citizens.

Food and Drug Administration Act of 2008

Legislation governing food and drug safety.

Anti-Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 2016

Legislation that prohibits age discrimination in employment.

Republic Act 7581

The Price Act of 1992

Republic Act 8981

PRC Modernization Act of 2000

Republic Act 10909

No Shortchanging Act of 2016

Republic Act 10912

Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016

Administrative Sanction

Any formal official imposition of penalty or fine

Adulteration

Addition of an impure, cheap, or unnecessary ingredient to cheat, cheapen, or falsify a preparation

Amendment

The act of changing for the better; improvement

Appeal

To apply for the removal of a cause from an inferior to a superior judge or court

Arbitrary

Depending upon choice or discretion

Assumption of risk

A patient who does not follow medical advice becomes responsible for any problems that occur

Accountable

Liable to be called on to render an account; answerable

Automatic Price Control

Government-dictated ceiling on the prices of essential consumer goods

Accreditation

The act of accrediting or the state of being accredited

Bill

A proposed statute, not yet approved

Board Examination Act

An examination taken to qualify for work in a particular field

Bona fide

In good faith; genuine, honest, honorable

Complaint

Expression of grief, regret, pain, censure, or resentment

Buffer Fund

Fund's assets used to even out temporary fluctuations during pension contributions

Conspiracy

An agreement to perform together an illegal, wrongful, or subversive act

Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)

An attached agency of Department of Finance that collects internal revenue taxes

Controlled Precursor

A substance that may be used in the preparation of a drug of dependence

Collegio Medico Farmaceutico de Filipinas, Inc. (CMMFFI)

A professional organization of doctors and pharmacists in the Philippines

Dangerous Drug Board (DDB)

A Philippine government agency that makes policies on drug prevention and control

Commission on Higher Education (CHED)

The agency responsible for the regulation and supervision of higher education institutions in the Philippines.

Declaration of policy

That which is declared or proclaimed; announcement; distinct statement; formal expression; the document or instrument containing such statement or proclamation.

Defendant

The person or group against whom charges are brought in a court action.

Common Law

A legal system that gives great precedential weight to common law, developed by judges through decisions of courts rather than through legislative statutes.

Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)

The executive department responsible for all land reform programs in the Philippines, aiming to promote social justice and industrialization.

Community Pharmacist

An association of licensed pharmacists working in community pharmacies.

Department of Agriculture (DA)

The executive department responsible for boosting the income of farmers and reducing poverty in the rural sector.

Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA)

The executive department tasked with enhancing national security and protecting the rights of Filipinos overseas.

Department of Budget and Management (DBM)

An executive body responsible for the sound and efficient use of government resources for national development.

Department of Education (DE)

The executive department responsible for managing the Philippine system of basic education.

Department of Health (DOH)

The principal health agency responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services.

Department of Energy (DOE)

The executive department responsible for energy exploration, development, utilization, distribution, and conservation.

Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG)

The main department responsible for supervising and managing programs governing the use and development of natural resources.

Department of Justice (DOJ)

The executive department responsible for upholding the rule of law in the Philippines.

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

The executive department responsible for managing the country's natural resources.

Department of Finance (DOF)

The primary agency mandated to promote gainful employment opportunities and protect workers' welfare.

Department of Labor and Employment (DOLE)

The executive department responsible for the administration of fiscal policies and management of government financial resources.

Department of National Defense (DND)

The executive department responsible for guarding against external and internal threats to peace and security.

Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC)

The executive department responsible for the maintenance and expansion of transportation and communications systems.

Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)

The executive department responsible for the safety of public works projects and maintenance of the road network.

Deposition

An oral testimony taken by a court reporter at a location outside the courtroom, subject to the same requirements for truth as court testimony.

Divine Law

Any law that in the opinion of believers, comes directly from the will of God (or a god).

Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

The executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for the coordination of science and technology-related projects in the Philippines and to formulate policies and projects in the fields of science and technology in support of national development.

Drugstores Association of the Philippines (DSAP)

An organization of drugstore owners.

Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)

The executive department of the Philippine Government responsible for the protection of the social welfare rights of Filipinos and to promote social development.

Due Process of Law

The principle that the government must respect all of the legal rights that are owed to a person according to the law.

Dummy

A person or an agency secretly in the service of another.

Department of Tourism (DOT)

The executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the regulation of the Philippine tourism industry and the promotion of the Philippines as a tourist destination.

Enactment

A law or a regulation; a document which is published as an enforceable set of written rules.

Department of Trade and Industry (DTI)

Serves as the primary coordinative, promotive, and facilitative arm for trade, industry and investment activities.

Essential Chemicals

Compounds that are required in the synthetic or extraction processes of drug production, but in most cases do not become part of the drug molecule.

Law

A rule of being or of conduct, established by an authority able to enforce its will; a controlling regulation.

Legislation

Written and approved laws; also known as statutes, acts, or lex scripta.

Evidence

That which makes evident or manifest; that which furnishes, or tends to furnish proof.

Executive Secretary

The head and highest ranking official serving in the Cabinet of the Philippines.

Liability

An obligation that legally binds an individual or company to settle a debt.

Libel

Defamatory writing, such as published material or pictures that injure the reputation of another.

Litigant

A party to a lawsuit.

Litigation

A lawsuit or a contest in court.

Fraud

An intentional deception made for personal gain or to damage another individual.

Malpractice

Improper or negligent treatment of a patient, resulting in injury, damage, or loss.

Mandated Price Ceiling

A government-imposed limit on the price charged for a product.

Gross Negligence

A conscious and voluntary disregard of the need to use reasonable care, likely to cause foreseeable grave injury or harm.

Harm or injury

Any wrong or damage done to another.

Implementing Agencies

The bodies responsible for the projects within the Operational Programs or Components.

Minor Variation

Changes in the status, condition or activity of a licensed establishment which are not critical to safety or quality.

Jurisdiction

The power, right, and authority given to a court to hear a case and to make a judgment.