Grade 10 Canadian History - Final Exam

In the early 1900s this was the only now Canadian province to still be a British Colony

Newfoundland & Labrador

Canada's primary economy in 1900s

farming, fishing, etc.

Wilfred Lauriers time in office

1896-1911

in 1900s, education was only compulsory till age ___

12

Lauriers 2 goals during TOC

1. fill praries with immigrant to prevent american expansion

2. provide a new workforce for canadas industrial sector

Clifford Sifton

Liberal Minsiter incharge of immigration in 1896, created the open door policy

Open Door Policy

Offered 160 acres of land each to white, protestant, english speaking immigrants

Boer War

War between dutch colonists (boers) and brits over control of south africa, Canada sent volunteer force to help brits

Alaskan boundary dispute

gold was discovered in yukon, USA and Canada fought over who had right, Brits sided with USA and gave USA the rights

The Naval Crisis

Brits urge Canada to make a navy to give them during the Arms race against Germany, Canada buys Brits old ships and makes tin pot navy

Reciprocity Debate

Decision to have free trade w/ USA, Laurier fails and ends up loosing next election

MAIN causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Triple Alliance (Central Powers)

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy/Ottoman Empire

Triple Entente

Britain, France, Russia

Spark that led to WW1

Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand

Place where archduke was killed

Sarajevo, Bosnia

Prime Minister during WW1

Borden (after taking office from Laurier)

Schieffen Plan

plan to knock out France quickly to avoid two fronts, going through Belgium. Plan failed.

barrage

a concentrated artillery bombardment over a wide area

Sam Hughes

Canada's Minister of Militia in the beginning of WWI

Valcartier Camp

Training camp for canadians in ww1, was terrible

Ross Rifles

rifle made in Canada, frequently jammed in trench conditions

Trench Foot

Foot rot caused by long periods of time in wet boots

Ypres

April 1915, Belgium, Canadas first battle, Germans use chlorine gas. Stalemate

Somme

July 1916, France, NFL regiment fought here, huge loss for NFL, many deaths

Vimy Ridge

April 1917, France, Canada uses 'creeping barrage' tactic to invade german trenches, huge victory

Hill 70

August 1917, France, Canada attacks Lens to divert attention from the British attack on Ypres, victory

Passchendaele

Oct 1917, Belgium, Brits made Canada try another creeping barrage but conditions were very difficult, victory but many casualties

Victory Bonds

Used to pay for WW1 supplies

attrition

fighting until the other side is worn out till collaspe

U-Boats

German submarines

Lusitania

US ships sunk by Germany, put US into WW1

Gallipoli

World War I battle, 1915; unsuccessful attempt attack against the Turks

Dogfights

Nickname for airifghts

Reason Russia left WW1

Russian Revolution and death of Romanov family

Hindenburg Line

German defense line in WW1

Winnipeg General Strike

massive strike by workers in Winnipeg in 1919

Bloody Saturday

Major riot where Winnipeg protestors were beaten to death

Chanak Crisis

Britain gets involved with Turkey after ww1, calls Canada for backup but Canada refuses

Balfour Declaration

Brits bill to create commonwealth countries with own autonomy

King/Byng Affair

Crisis where the governor general did not allow for new election, created major tension,

Statute of Westminster

Law that allowed Canadas to be incharge of its own international trade and policy

Economic Boom

rapid economic growth

Economic Recession

Economic decline

Economic Depression

Prolonged Economic Decline

Buying on a Margin

Sale of shares or products where the

buyer puts down 10% of the cost

of the share and pays off the

rest over time.

RB Bennett's time in office

1930-1935

Bennets New Deal

Bennet introduced minimum wages, shorter working hours and better treatment of employees. He also introduced social and unemployment insurance.

CCF Party Leader (later the NDP)

JS.Woodsworth

Union Nationale Leader

Maurice Duplessis

Social Credit Party Leader

William Aberhart

Relief Camps

Camps for homeless single unemployed men to work

On to Ottawa Trek

In 1935, hundreds of single unemployed men hopped freight trains for Ottawa demanding work, wages and an end to government relief camps. The trek was stopped in Regina.

Stork Derby

Race in Toronto to have the most children within ten years.

What caused the market for canadian good to dry up

plummet of european currency and american stock market crash

vagrancy

the state of wandering from place to place

Who was Il Duce

Benito Mussolini, leader of fascist Italy

Beer Hall Putsch

In 1923 the Nazis attempted to overthrow the government in Munich. It was a total failure, and Hitler received a brief prison sentence during which time he wrote Mein Kampf.

Der Furher

Hitlers Title

2 reasons for Canada to be pro Nazism

1. Anti-semitism

2. saw as a way to get out of the depression

Joseph Stalin

Leader/dictator of soviet union

Aryans

master race in hitlers eyes

What country did Italy invade during WW2?

Abyssinia (Ethiopia)

Blitzkreig

"Lighting Wars" type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

Panzer Tank

main German battle tank

Heinz Guderian

Creator of the Blitzkrieg strategy in 1930's.

Gerd von Rundstedt

General of the German invasion of france

Lebensraum

living space for Germans

Phony War

period during WW2 after invasion of poland

Maginot Line

defensive wall protecting french border

Ardennes forest

The unprotected area between Germany and France that was stormed by the Germans in their invasion in 1940

Francisco Franco

Fascist leader of Spanish revolution

Alliance between Japan, Germany, and Italy

Axis Powers

Rhineland

place germany occupied in protest of Versaille Treaty

appeasement

Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict

Gin drinkers line

defense line the British built against the japanese in Hong Kong

Wong Nai Chung gap

valley that divided 2 mountains in Hong Kong, major battle point

What law did the government use against Japanese Canadians

The War Measures Act as well as the Defence of Canada Regulations

2 nicknames given to factory women

Bren girl and rosie the riveter

plebiscite

A direct vote in which a country's people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal

Battle of the Atlantic

the fight for control of the ocean shipping lanes between U-Boats and Allied ships

ASDIC

type of SONAR used by allied ships

Battle of Britain (1940)

Germany's failed attempt to subdue Britain in 1940 in preparation for invasion

Operation Sea Lion

name for Hitler's plan to invade Britain by both air and sea

The Blitz

period of intense bombing on Britain by Germans

How did the RAF detect German attacks

using radar

Operation Barbarossa

Codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.

Places in the Soviet Union that Germany invaded (6)

Moscow, Minsk, Kiev, Lenigard, Stalingrad, Kursk

Which 2 cities in the USSR did the Germans capture?

Minsk and Kiev

Pearl Habour

A military base in Hawaii that was bombed by Japan on December 7th, 1941. The start of the war with Japan.

Raid on Dieppe

planned spy mission by Allies against germany

goals of Raid on Dieppe (4)

1. gain intel

2. sabotage german defenses

3. take prisoners

4. capture german enigma coda machine

Battle of Ortona

The capture of the Italian city Ortona by Canadian soldiers

mouseholing

method of where Canadians fought in house to house by clearing them out with grenades and bombs one by one.

D-Day

Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944

Names of the D-Day beaches (5) + who raided it

Utah - USA

Omaha - USA

Gold - Brit

Juno - Canada

Sword - Brit

what was the furthest point of the japanese expansion

New Guinea

island hopping

A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others

Where was the USA able to have major victory against the Japanese

Guadalcanal

island in the Solomon islands.

Kamikaze

suicide pilots