A 1 biology water

Water is essential for life due to its unique physical and chemical properties, including its __________, cohesion, adhesion, and solvent capabilities.

polarity

Cohesion due to hydrogen bonding allows for water transport under tension in plant xylem and creates __________, facilitating habitats on water surfaces.

surface tension

Polarity arises from the unequal sharing of __________, resulting in hydrogen bonding between water molecules.

electrons

The presence of water in the 'Goldilocks zone' is a crucial factor in the search for __________ life.

extraterrestrial

Over __________ of Earth's surface is covered by water.

70%

Water constitutes the cytoplasm where metabolic reactions occur, facilitating the transport of substances into/out of cells as __________ in the blood.

plasma

Early cells evolved membranes to create distinct environments, with __________ forming crucial boundaries in aqueous conditions.

phospholipid bilayers

Water has __________ properties which allow a variety of hydrophilic molecules to dissolve, facilitating metabolic processes.

solvent

Hydrogen bonds, though weak individually, create a strong collective force due to the __________ between opposite polarities between adjacent water molecules.

attraction

Capillary action results from __________ and allows water to be drawn up through plant roots, crucial for nutrient uptake from soil.

adhesion