Chapter 48: The Electrocardiography Recording (ECG/EKG)

What is the resting state of the myocardium called?

Systole

Diastole

Polarization

Repolarization

Polarization

Which part of the cardiac cycle is represented as a flat line on the ECG strip?

Polarization

Repolarization

Premature atrial contraction

Premature ventricular contractions

Polarization

What segment of the ECG represents atrial depolarization?

P wave

T wave

PR interval

QRS Complex

P wave

What are the ECG sensors called?

Deflectors

Amplifiers

Electrodes

Conductors

Electrodes

What is the polarity of the right limb lead?

Positive pole

Bipolarity pole

Negative pole

Standard pole

Negative pole

How does the ECG tracing represent an augmented lead?

Amplifies the electrical potential of the augmented leads

Identifies the types of augmented leads that were recorded

Compares the augmented leads to a new series of activity recordings

Converts the augmented leads into unipolar leads with single positive electrodes

Amplifies the electrical potential of the augmented leads

Which augmented leads have a positive electrode?

Select all that apply.

V2

V6

aVR

aVL

aVF

aVR

aVL

aVF

Which extremity is used as a ground for the augmented leads?

Left leg

Left arm

Right leg

Right arm

Right leg

The precordial leads represent what view of the heart?

Axial plane view

Sagittal plane view

Frontal plane view

Transverse plane view

Transverse plane view

In which leads is the QRS wave shown as a negative deflection?

Select all that apply

V1

V2

V3

aVR

aVL

V1

V2

aVR

Precordial leads should not be placed over what part of the body?

Skin

Muscles

Chest wall

Bony prominences

Bony prominences

What happens during depolarization of the cardiac tissue?

Ischemia of heart muscle

Relaxation of heart muscle

Fibrillation of heart muscle

Contraction of heart muscle

Contraction of heart muscle

Which cardiac activities represent myocardial cells returning to their resting state?

Polarization

Cardioversion

Depolarization

Repolarization

Repolarization

What does the ST segment represent?

Select all that apply.

Time interval between atrial depolarization and ventricular depolarization

Time interval between ventricular depolarization and ventricular repolarization

Time interval between ventricular contraction and the beginning of ventricular recovery

Time interval between the beginning of ventricular depolarization and ventricular repolarization

Time interval between the beginning of ventricular contraction and the subsiding of ventricular contraction

Time interval between ventricular depolarization and ventricular repolarization

Time interval between ventricular contraction and the beginning of ventricular recovery

Where is ventricular repolarization represented on the ECG strip?

P wave

T wave

PR interval

QRS complex

T wave

What lead is commonly recorded on a continuous cardiac monitor?

Lead I

Lead II

Lead III

Lead IV

Lead II

The lateral part of the left ventricle is represented by which of the following leads?

V3

aVF

Lead I

Lead III

Lead I

Standard leads record tracings from what view of the heart?

Frontal

Oblique

Midaxillary

Transverse

Frontal

Which of the following statements are true about augmented leads?

Select all that apply

They are unipolar leads.

They use the right leg for grounding.

They have a single negative electrode.

There are four types of augmented leads.

The electrical activity recorded by the leads is small.

They are unipolar leads.

The electrical activity recorded by the leads is small.

How would a disturbance in the electrical activity of the left ventricle be recorded?

Select all that apply

V4

V5

aVR

aVL

aVF

aVL

aVF

What is the charge (positive/negative) of the poles in the augmented leads?

The poles in the augmented leads have a positive charge.

The poles in the augmented leads have a negative charge.

The poles in the augmented leads have double positive and negative charges.

The poles in the augmented leads have a combination of positive and negative charges.

The poles in the augmented leads have a positive charge.

In which lead does the P wave and QRS wave have a negative deflection?

V2

V4

aVR

Lead II

aVR

What does the term "augmented" refer to in "augmented leads"?

The three augmented leads are unipolar combined leads.

A single positive electrode is used on the right leg for grounding.

The augmented leads specify the type of voltage being measured.

An ECG machine is required to amplify the electrical potential when recorded.

An ECG machine is required to amplify the electrical potential when recorded.

How is the deflection of the ECG tracing affected by the position of the lead?

Select all that apply

The V1 lead is placed in the third intercostal space, and shows a positive deflection.

The V1 and V2 leads are placed in the fourth intercostal space, and show a negative deflection.

The V3 lead is placed midway between the V2 and V4 leads, and shows a negative deflection.

The V4 lead is placed in the fifth intercostal space, and shows a more positive deflection than the V1 and V2 leads.

The V5 and V6 leads are placed horizontal to the V4 lead, and show a negative deflection.

The V1 and V2 leads are placed in the fourth intercostal space, and show a negative deflection.

The V4 lead is placed in the fifth intercostal space, and shows a more positive deflection than the V1 and V2 leads.

Which are true about precordial leads?

Select all that apply

The leads are bipolar.

The leads are unipolar.

The leads provide a frontal plane view of the heart.

The leads provide a transverse plane view of the heart.

The leads measure seven specific points of the chest and heart.

The leads are unipolar.

The leads provide a transverse plane view of the heart.

Which is true about the placement of V1?

The V1 lead is placed in the left midaxillary line.

The V1 lead is placed in the fourth intercostal space, left to the sternum.

The V1 lead is placed in the fourth intercostal space, right of the sternum.

The V1 lead is placed in the fifth intercostal space, at the left midclavilcular line.

The V1 lead is placed in the fourth intercostal space, right of the sternum.

What does the designation "V" mean on the precordial leads?

Heart

Chest

Voltage

Transverse

Chest

Where is the correct placement of V6?

Horizontal to V4 in the left midaxillary line

Horizontal to V4 in the left anterior axillary line

The fifth intercostal space, at the left midclavicular line

The fourth intercostal space, just to the right of the sternum

Horizontal to V4 in the left midaxillary line