Building Technology 2025 Lecture Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering building technology concepts including materials, structural systems, and construction methods based on the provided lecture notes.

Solvent

The component that dissolves paint to make it usable and workable.

Slump Test and Cylinder test

The two methods used for controlling the consistency of concrete mixes and their strength.

Retarder

An admixture which delays the setting time of concrete, particularly during hot weather conditions.

Welding

A fabrication process usually done on metals or thermoplastics by melting the work pieces and adding a filler material to form a strong joint upon cooling.

Compressive strength

The specific kind of strength in which concrete is naturally high.

Form-active structure

A structural system type that redirects external forces primarily through the form of its material, such as an arch or cable system.

Rubble

Rough fragments of broken stone that have at least one face suitable for exposure on a wall.

Rivet

Metal pins used for permanently joining metal members by passing a headed shank through a hole and hammering the plain end to form a second head.

Chromium

A common alloy used to provide corrosion resistance.

Continuous footing

A type of footing that may support a line of columns or support all columns by strips at right angles to each other.

Gypsum board

A wall or ceiling board consisting of a chalk-like material core clad with paper on both faces.

Open Specifications

A type of specification identifying a specific finish, such as Plastered CHB wall with “Brand A” latex paint finish, or an approved equal.

Wrought iron

A tough and ductile ferrous material produced from pig iron to remove carbon and other impurities.

Gutter

A channel made of metal, wood, or concrete set below and along the eaves to catch and carry off rainwater.

Porcelain tiles

Tiles made with finer clay particles fired at higher temperatures to be tougher, more durable, and more water-resistant than ordinary tiles.

Minimum spacing of steel reinforcing bars

$$25\,mm$$

Structural design

The process of arranging, interconnecting, sizing, and proportioning members of a structural system to safely carry loads without exceeding allowable stresses.

Primer

A basecoat applied to a surface to improve the adhesion of subsequent coats of paint or varnish.

Brass

An alloy of copper and zinc that is relatively resistant to tarnishing.

Steel

A malleable alloy of iron and combined carbon produced by melting and refining pig iron and/or scrap steel.

Bridging

A system used to distribute load to adjacent floor joists.

Veneer

A non-structural face of brick, stone, concrete, or tile attached to a backing for ornamentation, protection, or insulation.

Furniture

An example of a load that is NOT considered a dead load.

Sandblasted

A matte textured surface with no gloss resulting from a pressurized flow of sand and water.

Truss

A structure composed of chords, diagonal and vertical web members to create a rigid framework.

Lugs

Features on steel reinforcements designed to increase adhesion to concrete.

Integral waterproofing

A type of waterproofing mixed directly with concrete that does not require skilled workmanship for creation.

Concrete

An artificial stone-like material made by mixing water with cement and coarse and fine aggregates.

Mortar

A mixture of cement, sand, and water used as a bonding agent in masonry construction.

Scaffolding

A system of temporary platforms used to support workers and materials and provide access to work areas on a structure.

Cantilevered footing

A type of shallow footing where exterior and interior columns are connected by a tie-beam or strap extended to support the exterior column.

Galvanized iron

Iron coated with zinc through a hot-dipping process to prevent rust.

Particle board

A board made from wood particles graduated from coarse at the center to fine at the surface.

Homogenous tiles

Tiles that are tougher and less porous than ceramic, where the color of the top surface is consistent throughout the tile.

Tempered glass

Safety glass processed by thermal or chemical treatments to shatter into small granular chunks rather than jagged shards when broken.

Structural analysis

The process of determining the ability of a structure or its members to safely carry loads without material distress or excessive deformation.

Carriage bolt

A bolt with an oval or flat bearing circular head and a means of preventing rotation.

Concrete Specified Strength Duration

The specified strength of concrete is reached after $28\text{ days}$ of curing.

Coursed Rubble

Fieldstone or roughly dressed stone assembled with or without mortar to give an effect of defined horizontal layers.

Splice

To connect or join two similar materials, usually in a straight line, by fastening ends using mechanical connectors, welding, or wire.

Wood

A material cited for having the best sound-absorbing qualities among common building materials.

Bricks

Masonry units of clay formed into rectangular prisms and hardened by sun-drying or kiln-firing.

Plywood

A building board made of three or more layers of veneer joined by glue and bonded with the grain of each layer.

Granite

A stone cladding material favored for design aesthetics due to its wide range of shades and consistency.

Effective depth

The measurement from the top of a concrete beam to the center of the bottom bar.

Grout

A fluid cement mortar designed to flow easily without segregation to fill narrow cavities.

Cantilevered beam

A beam that is supported only on one end.

Vector structure

A structural system type that redirects external forces primarily through a composition of tension and compression members, such as a truss.

One-way slab

A concrete slab of uniform thickness reinforced in one direction and cast integrally with parallel supporting beams; suitable for short spans.

Differential settlement

The relative movement of parts of a structure caused by uneven settlement of the underlying soil.