working memory model (WMM)

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10 Terms

1
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summarise the case study of KF - Shallice and Wallington (1970)

  • motorcycle accident, resulting in brain damage to his left occipital lobe

  • STM damaged (digit span of 1) but LTM normal

  • remembered words better if presented visually rather than auditorily

2
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how is the case study of KF evidence to support the WMM?

  • remembered words better if presented visually rather than auditorily

  • highlights that there are separate STM components for visual information: visuo-spatial sketchpad and verbal information: phonological loop

3
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describe/draw the structure of WMM:

  • central executive transfers information between 3 subsystems: phonological loop, episodic buffer and visuo-spatial sketchpad

  • phonological loop can be /ed into articulatory control system and phonological store

  • visuo-spatial sketchpad can be /ed into inner scribe and visual cache

  • subsystems transfer information to long term storage memory

<ul><li><p>central executive transfers information between 3 subsystems: phonological loop, episodic buffer and visuo-spatial sketchpad</p></li><li><p>phonological loop can be /ed into articulatory control system and phonological store</p></li><li><p>visuo-spatial sketchpad can be /ed into inner scribe and visual cache</p></li><li><p>subsystems transfer information to long term storage memory</p></li></ul><p></p>
4
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what is the function of the central executive?

  • directs attention to other tasks

  • controls other systems by determining how resources will be allocated

5
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what is the function of the visuo-spatial sketchpad?

  • processes visual and spatial info (how things look and where they are)

  • further sub/ed into a visual cache and inner scribe

6
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what is the function of the episodic buffer?

general store - added later to the model (2000) to account for things that use both visual and acoustic info

7
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what is the function of the phonological loop?

  • controls auditory info

  • further sub/ed into phonological store (inner ear) and articulatory process (inner voice)

8
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summarise Baddeley et al. (1975) - what does it suggest about WMM?

  • ppts carried out a visual and verbal task simultaneously

  • performance on each similar to when carried out separately

  • but when both tasks visual/verbal, performance on both declined

  • → reinforces existence of phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad

9
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give 3 strengths of WMM:

  • research support - Baddeley et al. (1975)

  • not a unitary store

  • explains STM as an active process (compared to MSM - passive)

10
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give a limitation of WMM:

we know very little about CE and EB - very difficult to test