11- Carboxylic acid derivatives
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11 Terms
What two carboxylic acid derivatives are covered?
Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides.
Give an example of an acyl chloride.
Ethanoyl chloride, CH₃COCl.
Give an example of an acid anhydride.
Ethanoic anhydride, (CH₃CO)₂O.
How does the reactivity of acid anhydrides compare with acyl chlorides?
They have similar reactivity.
What do acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides generally do?
Bring about the same functional group changes.
What is the main difference between acyl chloride and acid anhydride reactions?
The by-products are different.
What do acyl chlorides mostly produce as a by-product?
HCl.
What do acid anhydrides produce as a by-product?
RCOOH, a carboxylic acid.
What groups are good leaving groups?
Cl and –OCOCH₃.
Why are acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides highly reactive?
They contain good leaving groups and have less effective delocalisation.
How does their reactivity compare with carboxylic acids and esters?
They are much more reactive.