Grade 7th LA notes

fiction

literature in the form of prose that describes imaginary events and people.

novel

a fictitious prose narrative of book length, typically representing character and action with some degree of realism.

novella

a short novel

short story

1. a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel.

plot

1. a story with a fully developed theme but significantly shorter and less elaborate than a novel.

Exposition

a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory.

Rising Action

the section of a story that leads toward its climax

Climax

the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; a culmination or apex.

Falling Action

the period of time in a story that follows the climax and leads to the resolution

Resolution

the quality of being determined or resolute.

Character

a person in a novel, play, or movie.

Setting

the place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place.

Theme

the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic.

Point Of View

(in fictional writing) the narrator's position in relation to a story being told.

Conflict

a serious disagreement or argument, typically a protracted one.

flashback

a scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story.

foreshadowing

be a warning or indication of (a future event).

External conflict

a problem, antagonism, or struggle that takes place between a character and an outside force.

internal conflict

a struggle that occurs between a character and an external force, such as another character, society, nature, or a situation

first-person point of view

the narrator is a person in the story, telling the story from their own point of view.

third-person point of view

the narrator exists outside the events of the story, and relates the actions of the characters by referring to their names or by the third-person pronouns he, she, or they.

third-person limited point of view

A third person limited narrator has access to the thoughts and emotions of just one character.

third-person omniscient point of view

a point of view where the narrator knows all the thoughts, actions, and feelings of all characters.

Dialect

a particular form of a language which is peculiar to a specific region or social group.

Dialogue

conversation between two or more people as a feature of a book, play, or movie.

Protagonist

the leading character or one of the major characters in a drama, movie, novel, or other fictional text.

Antagonist

one that contends with or opposes another

alliteration

the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.

tone

a musical or vocal sound with reference to its pitch, quality, and strength.

mood

a temporary state of mind or feeling.

figurative language

a writing or speech that is not meant to be taken literally. The many types are known as figures of speech. Common figures of speech include metaphor, personification, and simile. Whrites use these techniques to state ideas in vivid and imaginative ways.

hyperbole

a form of figurative language that uses exaggerating for effect.

imagery

a technique of writing with images.

images

words or phrases that appeal to one or more of these five senses. Writers use these to describe how their subjects look, sound, feel, taste, and smell

metaphor

a figure of speech in which something is described as through it were something else. It works by pointing out a similarity between two unlike things.

motive

a reason that explains or partially explains a character’s thoughts, feelings, actions, or speech. Writers try to make their Character’s ,thoughts, feelings, actions, or speech as clear as possible

narrative

a story. Novels and short stories are fictional examples. Biographies and autobiographies are nonfiction examples.

onomatopeia

is the use of words that imitate sounds Crash, buzz, screech, hiss, neigh, jingle, and cluck are all examples

personification

figurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given a human characteristics.

repetition

the use, more than once, of any element of language - a sound, word, phrase, clause, or sentence.

simlie

A figure of speech that uses like or as to make a direct comparison between two unlike ideas. Everyday speech contains these, such as “pale as a ghost,” good as gold, spread like wildfire, and clever as a fox.

symbol

anything that stands for or represents something else. These are common in everyday life. A dove with an olive branch in its beak means peace. A blindfold woman holding a balanced scale stands for justice

universal theme

a message about life that is expressed regularly in many different cultures and any time periods. Folk tales, epics, and romances often contain these like the importance of courage, the power of love, or the danger of greed.

allusion

a reference to something else. In literature, it’s frequently used to reference cultural works (e.g. a Biblical story or a greek myth).

comedy

a literary work, especially a play, which is light, often humorous or satirical, and ends happily. They frequently depict ordinary characters faced with temporary difficulties and conflicts.

drama

a story written to be performed by actors. Although it is meant to be performed, one can also read the script, or written version, and imagine the action.

script

made up of dialogue and stage directions

dialogue

the words spoken by the actors

acts

this is how a drama is divided

stage directions

notes include in a drama to describe how the work is to be performed or staged. These are usually printed in italics and enclosed within parentheses or brackets. They describe the moments, costumes, emotional states, and ways of speaking of the characters.

scene

a section of uninterrupted action in the act of a drama

playwrite

a person who writes plays

tragedy

a work of literature, especially a play, that results in a catastrophe for the main character. In modern drama, the main character can be an ordinary person, and the cause of it can be some evil socity itself.

set

the scenery used for a play or a movie

theater

a building or outdoor area in which plays and other dramatic performances are given

prop

a portable object other that furniture or costumes used on the set of a play or a movie