Microbiology Chapter 12 - Protozoa & Malaria

chemoheterotrophs

protozoa are ___________, meaning they use chemicals produced by other organisms for nutrition

mouth

protozoas are unique single-celled eukaryotes because they have a ____ for ingestion of food

trophozoite

the vegetative form of a protozoan is a? (feeding and growing stage)

schizogony

a way in which protozoans reproduce asexually; multiple fission - the nucleus undergoes multiple divisions before the cell divides

conjugation

protozoans reproduce sexually through?

cysts

some protozoans produce _____, which are protective capsules that enable a parasitic species to survive outside a host

apicomplexa

nonmotile, obligate intracellular parasites, have apical organelles for penetrating host tissues

Plasmodium vivax

organism that is the causative agent of Malaria

Toxoplasma gondii

organism that is transmitted by cats; causes fetal infections if mother is exposed during first trimester of pregnancy

Cryptosporidium

transmitted via feces; causes waterborne illness 

Anopheles

plasmodium sexually reproduces in what kind of mosquito?

sporozoite

when an infected mosquito bites a human, it injects this into the bloodstream

liver

once a sporozoite is in the bloodstream, it migrates to the?

schizogony, merozoites

sporozoites undergo _______ in the liver, producing ______

ring stage

merozoites, once released back into the bloodstream, can infect red blood cells, developing into what is called the?

true

true or false? the mosquito is considered both the definitive host and the vector of plasmodium because it harbors the sexually reproducing stage and the infective stage

intermediate host

the human is considered the _______ ____, because it harbors the asexually reproducing stage, the merozoites

true

true or false? the complex life cycle of plasmodium makes it difficult to develop a vaccine against malaria.

zygote

after a mosquito bites an infected human and ingests gametocytes, they unite to form a _____ in the digestive tract

salivary glands

sporozoites migrate to where in the mosquito?