Unit 5- Radiation Therapy & Nuc Med/PET

Identify the modality/capability best represented by this image:

radiation therapy

The light pipe functions to direct photons from the crystal into the _______________.

photomultiplier tube

nuclear medicine procedures in comparison to radiographic procedures:

determine the cause of disease/abnormality based on the physiological function of organs or tissue

In NM, the usage of thicker crystals allow for better imaging when using radiopharmaceuticals with higher energies, but it will have decreased resolution.

true

false

a

The only radionuclide used in Nuclear Medicine is Technetium-99m.

true

false

b

Identify the modality/capability best represented by this image:

nuclear medicine (Gamma Camera)

Identify the modality/capability best represented by this image:

CT Imaging w/ dosimetry planning (radiation therapy)

identify the radionuclides:

technetium

iodine

thallium

collimator

Shielding device used to limit the angle of entry of radiation

cyclotron

Device for accelerating charged particles to high energies using magnetic and oscillating electrostatic fields

decay

Radioactive disintegration of the nucleus of an unstable nuclide

detector

Device that is a combination of a scintillator and photomultiplier tube used to detect x-rays and gamma rays

gamma camera

Device that uses the emission of light from a crystal struck by gamma rays to produce an image of the distribution of radioactive material in a body organ

half-life

The time elapsed until some physical quantity has decreased to half of its original value

isotope

Nuclide of the same element with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

light pipe

Attached to the scintillation crystal to convey the emitted light to the photomultiplier tube

Parametric image

Functional image as relates to anatomical position (e.g. blood flow)

Positron

positively charged particle emitted from neutron-deficient radioactive nuclei

radionuclide

Unstable nucleus that transmutes via nuclear decay

Scintillation camera

Device that uses the emission of light from a crystal struck by gamma rays to produce an image of the distribution of radioactive material in a body organ

brachytherapy

Placement of radioactive nuclide or nuclides in or on a neoplasm to deliver a cancericidal dose.

Carcinogen

Any cancer-producing substance or material, such as nicotine, radiation, or ingested uranium.

Linear energy transfer

Rate at which energy is deposited as it travels through matter.

Identify the modality/capability best represented by this image:

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) (to include CT)

The latest gamma camera technology has a ______ detector system. (options: 1,2, or3)

3

Single field

used in skin cancer

Opposing ports

Treatment method used to protect a non-involved structure

Mulitfiled

three or more fields to deliver tumor dose

Rotational field

employed for centrally located lesions such as prostate cancer

Wedge field

Head and neck  therapies

Shaped field

lead alloy blocks employed for a specific field

An extensive lesion greater than 5 cm prior to/without metastasis would best describe Stage 3 of the process.

true

Radiosensitivity of tissue depends on:

all of the above

Ovaries, alone, demonstrate the lowest radiation dose tolerance.

false

Iodine 123 would most likely be employed for what type of study?

thyroid function

Radiotherapy uses verification images taken weekly to ensure accuracy also known as:

port films

Most PET scans use radioactive _______ solutions(*hint* glucose).

sugar

Identify the preferred characteristics of radiopharmaceuticals

Readily available

Half-life > preparation time

Near-stability

Localization efficiency

Simple production

Affordability

An additional treatment after surgery is best described as:

adjunct

__________ is a radionuclide commonly used for glucose metabolism in the brain.

fluorine-18 / fluorine

Identify the modality/capability best represented by this image:

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) (to include CT)

Equipment used to transform emissions into images recording function and anatomical areas of interest:

scintillation camera

General delivery of low intensity radiation over an extended period to a small volume of tissue after being implanted inside the patient

brachytherapy