Test 2 octa 202 group skills

group process

* process concerns the interpersonal relationships among the participants
* allows us to be aware of the feelings and motives of members
* helps the therapist make clients aware of these and their impact on wellness and group function
* involves what is implied by the content

parts of the process: yalom

* process is experienced first
* then performs a “self-reflective loop”
* examines what just occurred
* emphasis is emotion, and its purpose is to establish a cognitive framework

group development

Tuckman

* forming
* storming
* norming
* performing

Bion

* flight
* fight
* unite

group development contd.

Schutz

* inclusion
* control
* affection

inclusion stage

* concerned w/ being accepted
* group behaviors are: overtalking, attention seeking, territoriality, individual self-centeredness
* rational approach is dominant
* emotions do not flow freely
* leader is looked to for answers
* multiple attempts at sizing each other up
* members look for similarities and tend to downplay differences

control stage

* individual and group concerns
* engaged in leadership struggle
* members often disagree
* ambivalence about the leader
* rebellion and challenge among members is normal and necessary to healthy development

affection stage

* if conflict in leadership is resolved successfully, the group progresses to the affection stage
* goal for any therapy group. members feels safe, cherished, and trusting one another
* focus on feelings
* delight in company of others-identify w/ the group; new behaviors explored

how groups reach maturity

* have a focus
* pay attention to feelings
* be an active participant
* give feedback
* be open to feedback
* take responsibility for what you accomplish

group norms

* are present in every group; they incorporate certain attitudes and standards of behavior that is acceptable to the group
* may be specific and verbalized by the leader
* may not be verbalized, but implied by the behavior and interactions of the members

therapeutic norms: yalom

* self reflection of the group
* encouraging self disclosure
* encouraging free interaction among members
* reinforcing the importance of the group
* regarding members as agents of change and setting an atmosphere of safety and support

group task roles

* necessary to help the group get its work done

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initiator-contributor

suggest new ideas, innovative solutions to problems, new ways to organize

information seeker

* ask for clarification, focuses on facts

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opinion seeker

* seeks clarification of values and attitudes

opinion giver

* stated beliefs or opinions

elaborator

* spells out suggestions and gives examples

information giver

* offers facts or generalizations

group building and maintenance roles

* supportive roles that deepen the group functioning together

encourager

* praises, agrees w/ and accepts the contribution of others

harmonizer

* mediates differences between members

compromiser

* modifies own position in interest of group harmony

gatekeeper and expediter

* keeps communication channels open

standard-setter

* expresses ideal standards for the group to aspire to

group observer and commentator

comments on and interprets the process of the group

follower

* passively accepts ideas of others

individual roles

* opposed to group roles and serve one’s individual needs

aggressor

* deflates status of others, attacks the group

blocker

* negativistic, stubbornly resistant

recognitions-seeker

* calls attention to self

self-confessor

* uses group as an audience for expressing non-group oriented feelings, insights, or ideologies

playboy

* displays lack of involvement through joking, cynicism or nonchalance

dominator

* monopolizes group through manipulation, flattery, giving directions authoritatively

help-seeker

* looks for sympathy

special interest pleader

* uses stereotypes of social causes

client problem behaviors

* the monopolist
* the silent member
* attention getting behavior
* self-deprecator
* help-rejecting complainer
* narcissistic member
* psychotic client behaviors

termination of groups

* review the group experience, the goals and learning
* review concerns and feelings regarding separation and loss
* use counseling skills
* finish unfinished business
* give feedback on skills learned
* help generalize learning

coordinator

* clarifies relationships among various ideas

orienter

* defines position of group w/ respect to its goals

evaluator-critic

* subjects accomplishments of group to some standard of group functioning

engerizer

* prods the group into action or decision

procedural technician

* expedites group’s movement by doing things for the group, such as distributing materials, arranging seating

recorder

* writes down suggestions and group decisions, acts as the “group memory”

what is the ideal size for groups?

7-8 is ideal

can be 5-10