History Defcon Ch. 13

Blight

A fungus or an insect that causes plants to dry up and die

domestic service

housework in another person's home, performed as a job

emigrate

To move away from a country in order to live in another

Immigrate

To permanently move to another country

Know-Nothing Party

A political party performed in the 1850s to oppose immigration, also called the American Party

Nativist

a person who believes native-born people should be favored more than immigrants

Prejudice

A broad judgement about a group of people not based on reason or fact

Push-Pull Factor

A reason might immigrate such as lack of economic opportunity or freedom in one country and the promise of a better life in another

Steerage

The inferior section of a ship having passengers who pay the lowest for the journey

Asylum

A hospital dedicated to the mentally ill

Common School Movement

an educational reform movement in the 1830s that promoted free public schools funded by property taxes and managed by local governments

Evangelize

To spread one's religious beliefs through public speaking and personal witness

Labor union

A voluntary association of workers that uses its power to negotiate better working conditions

Second Great Awakening

An American Protestant movement based on revival meetings and a diet and emotional relationship with God

temperature movement

A 19th century from movement that encouraged the reduction or elimination of alcoholic beverage consumption

Abolition

A person who wants to end slavery

Emancipation

The ending of slavery

Seneca Falls Convention

An 1848 women's rights convention organized by Elizabeth Candy Stanton and Lucretia Mott in Seneca Falls, New York

Suffrage

The right to vote

Underground Railroad

A network of people who worked together to help African Americans escape form slavers from the southern U.S. to the northern U.S. or to Canada before the civil war

Charles Finley

held the first of many religious revivals during the second Great Awakening

Horace Mann

Secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education; "Father of the public school system"; a prominent proponent of public school reform, & set the standard for public schools throughout the nation; lengthened academic year; pro training & higher salaries to teachers

Dorothea Dix

Rights activist on behalf of mentally ill patients - created first wave of US mental asylums

Sarah bagley

organized the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association in the 1849s. The group petitoned for the state legislature that there was a 10 hours workday

William Loyd Garrison

important abolitionist leader who founded abolitionist newspaper, the Liberator; cofounded the New England Antislavery Society

David Welker

an audaciously outspoken Black American activist who demanded the immediate end of slavery in the new nation

Harriet Tubman

American abolitionist. Born a slave on a Maryland plantation, she escaped to the North in 1849 and became the most renowned conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading more than 300 slaves to freedom.

Stanton and Mott

Influential women's rights movement leaders who organized the Seneca Falls convention to reform property and divorce laws

Susan B. Anthony

social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Assosiation

Henry David Thoreau

American transcendentalist who was against a government that supported slavery. He wrote down his beliefs in Walden. He started the movement of civil-disobedience when he refused to pay the toll-tax to support him Mexican War.