Option D - Computer Science IB (copy)

Object

An abstract entity that is made up of data/attributes and behaviours/methods.

Private

It restricts access to certain class members,

only accessible within the class in which it is defined

Public

The entire class is public and accessable to other classes. This includes methods, variables, etc.

Static

Whatever is defined as static means that it belongs to the class.

Protected

Allows class members within same class and by subclasses even if in different packages

Extends

transfers use of parent class operations and methods to subclass

Class

module consisting methods and/or variables and may define a custom data type

Instantiation

process of creating object from class

UML Diagram

visual representation of the design of a system before coding (relationship between attributes, methods and classes)

Relationships

3 types: is-a: one type is subtype of another, has-a: one type includes instance of another, uses: one portion of the program relies on another;

connections between classes in UML diagram

Dependencies

another term for ‘‘uses’ relationship in UML

Constructing Objects

creating instances of classes, initializing attributes.

Data Types

2 types: Reference (String, Double, Integer, Boolean) and Primitive (int, double, char, boolean);

Parameter

value passed into a constructor

Encapsulation

restricting unauthorized access to object’s data, only allowing controlled access through Accessor and Mutator methods

Inheritance

relationship that allows use of inheriting properties and methods from parent class, to reuse and organize code

Polymorphism

code written without knowledge of which specific data types it will operate on

Advantage of Encapsulation

modify implemented code, without breaking code of others who use our code: maintainability, flexibility, extensibility

Advantage of Inheritance

minimize amount of duplicate code in an application, by reusing code amongst several subclasses

Advantage of Polymorphism

Overriding: allows a class to specify methods that will be common to all of its derivatives, while allowing sub classes to define the specific implementation of some or all of those methods

Advantage of Libraries

Advantage of OOP

Disadvantage of OOP

Programming Teams

Advantage of Modularity

Modularity

Identifier

Primitive

Instance

Variable

Perimeter Variable

Local Variable

Method

Accessor

Mutator

Constructor

Signature

Return Value

Static Array

Potential Ethical Issues

Potential Social Issues

Recursion

Abstract Data Types

Styling Conventions

Methods for Stacks and Queues

Stacks: Pop, Push, isEmpty, hasNext
Queues: Enqueue, Dequeue, isEmpty, hasNext