Chemical & Physical Properties

Physical Property

Can be observed without chemically changing matter.

Chemical Property

describes how a substance interacts with other substances

Solids

Definite shapes; definite volumes

Liquids

Indefinite shapes; definite volumes

Gases

indefinite shapes; indefinite volumes

Physical Change

Phase changes

Freezing point

the temperature at which a liquid turns to a solid

What is equal to the melting point?

Freezing

Melting point

the temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid

Boiling point

the temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas

Condensation point

the temperature at which a gas turns to a liquid

Sublimation

Solid turns directly into a gas

Element

a pure substance made of one type of atom

Compound

pure substance containing two or more elements chemically combined

What represents a compound?

Chemical Formula

What are the proportions of a chemical formula?

The elements in compound always combine in definite (the same) proportions.

Mixture

two or more substances physically combined

Homogeneous mixture

Uniformly mixed, a.k.a solutions

Heterogeneous mixture

not uniformly mixed

What is a solid solution?

two or more metals uniformly mixed to create an alloy.

What is magnetism?

The property used to separate a mixture of sand and iron fillings

What is distillation?

The technique used to separate liquids based on boiling points

What is a centrifige?

A machine that spins to separate mixtures based on densities.

boiling point*

physical property*

color

physical property

getting a haircut

physical change

acidity

chemical property

lighting a candle*

chemical change*

texture.

physical property.

flammability

chemical property

combustibility

chemical property

ice cube melting**

physical change**

melting point

physical property

smoking dry ice)

physical change)

alka seltzer tablets fizzing

chemical change

condensations

physical change

formation of acid rain

chemical change

malleability*

physical property*

density

physical property

What identifies a physical property

Observed with sense

determined without destroying matter

What identifies a chemical property?

Substance reacting with something else

matter changing into a new substance

What Identifies a physical change?

A change in size, shape, or state

no new substance is created

How to identify a chemical change

A change in the physical and chemical properties

a new substance is formed

What will identify a chemical reaction

Production of gas and emitting heat and light

What is the Law of Conservation of Mass

Matter is neither created or destroyed in a normal chemical process or reaction

What is the boiling point and melting point of a solid?

Melting point is above 25 degrees Celsius

Boiling point is above 10 degrees Celsius

What is the boiling point of gases?

less than 25 degrees Celsius

What is the boiling point and melting point of liquids?

Melting point is below 25 degrees Celsius

Boiling point is above 25 degrees Celsius

What is classified as room temperature?

25 degrees Celsius