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Cadence
chords in specific combinations to signal the conclusion of a musical passage
Non-Harmonic Tones
Chords with nonchord pitches
Authentic Cadence (AC)
V→I resolved, strongest
Perfect Authentic Cadence (PAC)
AC with the melody ending on tonic and both chords are in root position
Imperfect Authentic Cadence (IAC)
Does not fit PAC rules
Half Cadence (HC)
Anything→V, unresolved
Phrygian Half Cadence (PHC)
Only in minor keys, iv^6→V
Plagal Cadence (PC)
IV→I, weakest
Deceptive Cadence
V→vi, messes with listener because it is almost a authentic cadence
Nonharmonic/Nonchord tones
Pitches that sound with a chord but are not chord pitches, most are dissonant and create intervals of a 2nd, 4th, and 7th that are calculated against the lowest sounding tone of a chord.
Passing Tone (PT)
Find motion of a third, fill in 3rd with a passing tone
Neighbor Tone (NT)
Find common tone, step up or step down
Suspension (SUS)
Take one note and hold onto it for when 2nd chord sounds, resolves down by step, accented
Retardation (Ret.)
Hold onto a note for when the 2nd chord sound, resolves up, accented
Anticipation (Ant.)
Jump to 2nd note early, unaccented
Escape tone
Step in one direction, skip or leap in the opposite direction, unaccented
Appoggiatura
Skip in one direction, step in the opposite direction, accented
Pedal Point/Tone
Hold onto one note (usually base), chord changes around note
How are suspensions labeled?
by the NHT and resolutions distance from the base.
successive passing tones
2 passing tones occasionally fill an interval of a 4th
Phrase
substantial musical thought that ends with a cadence.
Note 
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