Gross Anatomy Lecture 2 Pectoral Region

Costo/costal

Rib

1

Suprasternal (Jugular) Notch

2

Manubriosternal Joint

Aka Sternal Angle (of Louis)

3

Costochondral joints

4

Sternocostal joints

5

Xiphisternal joint

6

Costal margin (the cartilage of rips # 7-10 )

7

Costocartilage

8

Intercostal space

#9

Manubrium

#10

Sternal body

#11

Xiphoid process

Which are the true ribs?

Ribs #1-7

Which are the false ribs?

Ribs #8-12

Of the false ribs, which are also floating ribs?

Ribs # 11 & 12

What does it mean for a rib to be false?

Not directly attached to the Sternal body

Why are ribs 11 and 12 floating?

Because they do not attach at all to the sternum. Ribs # 8-10 we fused to# 7 via cartilage on nene sternum (indirect connection=false ribs)

What kind of view is shown for this rib?

Posterior view

#1

Transverse costal facet

#3

Inferior costal facet

#2

Superior costal facet

What are these structures?

The costotransverse joints ( where the pedicule of the vertebrae)

#1

Tubercle

#2

Costal groove

#3

Shaft

#4

Sternal end

#5

Facets for vertebral bodies

#6

Neck

#7

Head

#8

Facet for transverse process

#1

Jugular notch

#2

Clavicle

#3

Anterior axillary fold

#4

Manubrium

#5

Sternal angle aka the manubriosternal joint

#7

Rib

#8

Body of sternum (sternal body)

#9

Xiphisternal joint

#10

Infrasternal (subcostal) angle

#Il

Costal margin

12

Mid clavicular line

#1

Areola

#2

Nipple

#3

Lactiferous sinus (ampulla)

#4

Lactiferous duct

#5

Mammary gland with lobules

#6

serratus anterior 1/3

#7

Pectorals major 2/3

#1

Superficial fascia (fat)

#2

Suspensary (cooper s ) ligament

#3

Pectoral fascia

#4

Retromammay space

#I

Thorachromial artery branch

#2

Internal thoracic artery branches

3

Serratus anterior

#4

Lateral thoracic artery

What percentage of lymph is drained from the subareolar lymphatic plexus?

75% especially important for things like breast cancer

#1 and #1

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

#2

Lateral pectoral nerve (only innervates pec. Major)

#3

Medial pectoral nerve ( innervates both pec. Major and minor )

#4

Intercostal nerves

#1 and #1

Lateral thoracic artery

#2 and #2

Long thoracic nerve

#1

Pectoralis major (reflected)

#2

Pectoralis minor

#3

Medial pectoral nerve branches

#4

Lateral pectoral nerve branches

Whatare the anterior and posterior borders of the maxillary region?

Pectoralis major is the anterior border and latissimus dorsi is the posterior border

What is in the maxillary fossa?

Fat/lymph nodes, the brachial plexus, the axillary artery and branches, the maxillary vein and branches

#1

Nerves C5, C6,C7, C8, and T1 (five)

#2

Roots (five)

#3

Trunks (three)

#4

Divisions (six)

#5

Cords (three)

#6

Branches (five)

#1

Dorsal scapular nerve (innervates Levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor))

#2

Suprascapular nerve ((innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles)

#3

Subclavian nerve (innervates subclavius muscle)

#4

Long thoracic nerve ((innervates serratus anterior )

#5

Lateral pectoral nerve ( only innervates pec. Major)

#6

Medial pectoral nerve (innervates pec. Major and minor)

#7

Cutaneous nerve to arm

#8

Cutaneous nerve to forearm

#9

Upper subscapular nerve ( innervates subscapularis muscle)

#I0

Thoracodorsal nerve ( innervates the latissimus Doris)

11

Lower subscapular nerve (innervates the teres major)

#12

Axillary nerve branches Off of the posterior cord and is behind the m

#13

Musculocutaneous nerve (branches off of the lateral cord and is the top of the m )

#13

Musculocutaneous nerve (branches off of the lateral cord and is the top of the m )

#I5

Median nerve ; n for nerve; branches from both the lateral and medial cords and is the center of the m

#16

Ulnar nerve; branches Off of the medial card pinky side and forms the bottom of the M

What does the musculocutaneaus nerve innervate??

The anterior arm

What does the axillary nerve innovate?

Deltoid and teres minor

What does the median nerve innervate?

Mostly the anterior forearm and some hand muscles

What does the radial nerve innervate?

The posterior arm and the posterior scream

What does the ulnar nerve innervate?

Mostly the hand and some of the anterior forearm

Which artery supplies the chest and upper limb?

The subclavian/axillary/ brachial artery

At what landmark does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

After the first rib

At what landmark does the axillary artery become the brachial after?

After the teres major muscle

#1

Vertebral subclavian artery branch [VIT C, D]