CEP Final

Is exercise testing necessary for diabetes?

Yes

• ACSM: high level of risk (known metabolic disease)

• if planned exercise training intensity is VIGOROUS (>60% peak VO2)

• Necessary to develop baseline measures (if not full blown GXT) to inform ExRx

• not necessary for

  • well-controlled diabetes & NO other major risk factors

    • for general fitness improvements (not overly strenuous)

Most important treatment option for obesity

Behavioral Therapy

• for weight to STAY off

• address underlying cause to initial weight gain

“BEST” diet

• caloric deficit

• diet you’ll stick to

Fastest-growing area of obesity treatment

Surgical Therapy

Presence of ___+ abnormal findings reflects presence of metabolic syndrome

at least 3 of 5

(Men/Women) have higher lifetime risk of stroke

Women

• Longer lifespan 

• Increased risk of CVD with menopause (estrogen is cardioprotective)

Stroke:

• ___ leading cause of death among CVD 

• ___ leading cause of death in the US

• 2nd leading cause of death among CVD 

• 5th leading cause of death in the US

#1 leading cause of death among CVD

• Coronary Heart Disease 

  • Acute Coronary Syndromes 

Most common type of stroke

Ischemic (87%)

Type of stroke with greater likelihood of death

Hemorrhagic Stroke (less common)

Ischemic stroke originating in brain

Thrombotic Stroke

Ischemic stroke originating in body

Embolic Stroke

Hemorrhagic Stroke within brain matter

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Hemorrhagic Stroke in outer parts, pooling in space

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

2 of the more consistent symptoms of stroke

memory loss & paralysis

Right Brain damage

• left side paralyzed 

• Vision problems 

• Awkward / inappropriate behavior

Left Brain damage

• right side paralyzed 

• Speech & language issues 

• Cautious behaviors

BEFAST

Stroke

• Balance, Eyes, Face, Arms, Speech, Time

Gold standard imaging for hemorrhagic stroke

non-contrast CT (computerized tomography)

• SEE blood pooling

Common imaging for ischemic stroke

Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW)

• Assesses restriction to movement of water molecules (blood flow)

_____ is a MAJOR RISK in hemorrhagic stroke

Hypertension

• Approx. ____ kcal deficit for 1 lb weight loss

• 3,500

• ___ lbs/week is healthy 

1-2

• 5 interrelated cardiometabolic risk factors 

• Abdominal obesity 

• High fasting blood sugar 

• Low HDL (good) cholesterol 

• High blood pressure 

• High triglycerides 

to lose weight: Aim for at least ____ kcal expended per week 

2000+

leading cause of Hemorrhagic Stroke

smoking