Nutrition: Food and Nutrients: Framework, Labels, and Dietary Guidelines

What is the difference between food and nutrients?

Food is what we consume, while nutrients are the essential substances in food that sustain life.

What are the two categories of nutrients?

Macronutrients and Micronutrients.

Is water considered an essential nutrient?

Yes, water is an essential nutrient.

What are the key components of food labels?

Statement of identity, net contents, ingredients list, manufacturer information, and nutrition facts panel.

What is the caloric value of carbohydrates?

4 calories per gram.

What is the caloric value of fat?

9 calories per gram.

What is the caloric value of protein?

4 calories per gram.

What is the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)?

The average daily intake level of a nutrient that meets the needs of half of the population.

What does RDA stand for and what does it represent?

Recommended Dietary Allowance; it is the average daily intake required to meet the needs of 97-98% of people.

What is Adequate Intake (AI)?

The recommended average daily intake level for nutrients without an established RDA, based on observations and estimates.

What is the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)?

The highest average daily intake of a nutrient that is considered safe for most people.

What does Estimated Energy Requirement (EER) refer to?

The average dietary energy intake needed to maintain weight in healthy individuals, based on various factors.

What is the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)?

It describes the portion of energy intake that should come from each macronutrient.

What are the two types of health claims recognized by the FDA?

Authorized claims (thoroughly investigated) and qualified claims (with disclaimers).

What is the significance of the Nutrition Facts panel on food labels?

It provides information on the nutritional content of the food, including calories, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.

What is the role of the USDA in relation to food and nutrition?

The USDA provides leadership on food, agriculture, natural resources, rural development, nutrition, and related issues.

What are micronutrients primarily composed of?

Cofactors, enzymes, vitamins, and minerals.

What does the term 'natural' refer to in food labeling?

It indicates that the product does not contain artificial ingredients or added color.

What is an example of a qualified health claim?

"Scientific evidence suggests but does not prove that whole grains may reduce the risk of diabetes."

How do you calculate calories from fat in a meal?

Multiply the grams of fat by 9 calories per gram.

If Leah has an EER of 1900 and consumed 34 grams of fat, how many calories did she consume from fat?

34 grams of fat x 9 calories/gram = 306 calories from fat.

If Amanda has an EER of 2200, how would you express her AMDR for fat?

Expressed as a range, typically 20-35% of total caloric intake.