Dr. Brittnay Dermatology

A 67-year-old diabetic presents with a warm, erythematous, swollen lower leg that is tender to palpation. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Cellulitis

What is the first-line oral antibiotic for uncomplicated cellulitis?

Cephalexin (Keflex)

Which bacteria most commonly cause cellulitis?

Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus

A patient presents after a dog bite. What is the first-line antibiotic?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)

Which antibiotic should be prescribed for most human bites?

Amoxicillin-clavulanate (Augmentin)

A patient has recurrent painful nodules with sinus tracts in the axilla. What is the diagnosis?

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Which skin disorder commonly affects the axillae and groin with painful abscesses?

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

What chronic inflammatory skin disease causes recurrent boils and scarring in skin folds?

Hidradenitis Suppurativa

A patient has multiple tan, waxy, "stuck-on" lesions on the back. What is the diagnosis?

Seborrheic Keratosis

What is the classic appearance of seborrheic keratosis?

Stuck-on, waxy, tan or brown plaques

How is seborrheic keratosis treated?

Usually no treatment unless cosmetic removal is requested

A patient has well-demarcated erythematous plaques covered with silvery scales. What is the diagnosis?

Psoriasis

What clinical sign causes pinpoint bleeding after removal of a psoriatic scale?

Auspitz sign

Which medication is first-line for mild psoriasis?

Topical corticosteroids

Which medication is commonly used for severe psoriasis?

Methotrexate

A child presents with honey-colored crusted lesions around the mouth. What is the diagnosis?

Impetigo

What is the hallmark lesion of impetigo?

Honey-colored crusts

What is first-line oral therapy for impetigo?

Cephalexin (Keflex)

A middle-aged woman has persistent flushing and erythema involving the nose and cheeks. What is the diagnosis?

Rosacea

What topical medication is commonly prescribed for rosacea?

Topical metronidazole (Flagyl)

What oral antibiotic is commonly used for moderate rosacea?

Doxycycline or tetracycline

A patient has dark, velvety plaques on the posterior neck. What is the diagnosis?

Acanthosis Nigricans

Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with what disease?

Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance

What should be evaluated in every patient with acanthosis nigricans?

Blood glucose or Hemoglobin A1c

A patient has a pearly papule with rolled borders and telangiectasias. What is the diagnosis?

Basal Cell Carcinoma

What is the most common skin cancer?

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Which skin cancer has a pearly, waxy appearance?

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A patient has a red, ulcerated lesion on the lower lip that will not heal. What is the diagnosis?

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Which skin cancer commonly appears as a scaly, ulcerated lesion?

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Which skin cancer has a higher risk of metastasis than basal cell carcinoma?

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A patient has an asymmetric pigmented lesion with irregular borders and multiple colors. What is the diagnosis?

Melanoma

Which skin cancer is evaluated using the ABCDE criteria?

Melanoma

What does the A in ABCDE stand for?

Asymmetry

What does the B in ABCDE stand for?

Border irregularity

What does the C in ABCDE stand for?

Color variation

What does the D in ABCDE stand for?

Diameter greater than 6 mm

What does the E in ABCDE stand for?

Evolving lesion

What is the diagnostic test of choice for melanoma?

Excisional biopsy

A patient complains of severe itching that is worse at night and has burrows between the fingers. What is the diagnosis?

Scabies

What is first-line treatment for scabies?

Permethrin (Elimite) 5% cream

What symptom is most characteristic of scabies?

Intense itching that worsens at night

Who should be treated when one household member has scabies?

All household and close contacts

A patient has rough, scaly lesions on the scalp after years of sun exposure. What is the diagnosis?

Actinic Keratosis

Actinic keratosis is considered a precursor to which skin cancer?

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

What are first-line treatments for actinic keratosis?

Cryotherapy or topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)

Which precancerous lesion develops from chronic sun exposure?

Actinic Keratosis

Which skin cancer has the lowest metastatic potential?

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Which skin cancer has the highest mortality?

Melanoma

Which skin cancer is associated with chronic sun exposure and ulcerated lesions?

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A diabetic patient develops dark velvety plaques on the neck. What underlying disorder should be suspected?

Insulin resistance

A patient has facial flushing that worsens with hot drinks and alcohol. What diagnosis should be suspected?

Rosacea

A patient has silvery plaques on the elbows and knees that bleed when scratched. What is the diagnosis?

Psoriasis

A patient presents with honey-colored crusts around the nose and mouth. What diagnosis is most likely?

Impetigo

A patient develops an intensely pruritic rash involving the finger webs that is worse at night. What is the diagnosis?

Scabies

Why should actinic keratosis be treated?

It can progress to squamous cell carcinoma

What is the board buzzword for seborrheic keratosis?

Stuck-on waxy lesion

What is the board buzzword for psoriasis?

Silvery plaques with Auspitz sign

What is the board buzzword for impetigo?

Honey-colored crusts

What is the board buzzword for rosacea?

Flushing of the cheeks and nose

What is the board buzzword for acanthosis nigricans?

Velvety hyperpigmented plaques due to insulin resistance

What is the board buzzword for basal cell carcinoma?

Pearly papule with rolled borders

What is the board buzzword for squamous cell carcinoma?

Red scaly ulcerated lesion

What is the board buzzword for melanoma?

ABCDE lesion

What is the board buzzword for scabies?

Nighttime itching with burrows

What is the board buzzword for actinic keratosis?

Rough scaly precancerous lesion