5 - The Web and Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

What layer protocol is HTTP?

Application layer

Is HTTP a stateless protocol?

Yes

What does it mean for a protocol to be stateless?

No memory of what has occurred beforehand

List the steps of how a connection based protocol works

• Client establishes a connection with server

• Client sends request

• Server sends response

• Connection is closed

What are the two types of HTTP connections?

• Non-persistent HTTP (1.0)

• Persistent HTTP (1.1)

How does a non-persistent HTTP connection work?

• Open TCP connection

• At most one object sent over connection

• Close TCP connection

• Repeat steps 1-3 until all objectives

How does a persistent HTTP connection work?

• Open TCP connection

• Send multiple objects

• Close TCP connection

What is a cookie?

a small piece of data that a website saves on your device when you visit it. It helps the website remember information about you and your preferences to make your experience smoother.

What are the four components of cookies

• Web server -> browser

• Browser -> web server

• Browser

• Web server

What is a web cache?

A temporary storage space that saves copies of websites or parts of websites (like images or scripts) on your device or a server

What are the benefits of web caches?

• Reduces response time for client request; cache is closer to client

• Reduces traffic on an institution's access link