CMN 120 FINAL PT. 2

2 metaphors for relational dissolution

passing away (decline) and sudden death (discrete event)

assortative mating

ppl who divorce are more likely to remarry someone who is also divorced.

when are marriages at greater risk for divorce

years 1-2 and 5-8

why are divorce rates rising?

higher expectations for marriage (emotional expectation), individualism, viewed less negatively, cohabitation before marriage, family-of-origin conflict, intergenerational transmission/social learning

what are 3 reasons relationships end (w/o marriage)

conscious choice, atrophy (growing apartmentally ), physical separation

Ducks Phase Model of relationship dissolution

how relationships are going to dissolve

Breakdown (pre-phase)

one partner become dissatisfied with the relationship (can’t stand it no longer)

Intrapsychic (phase 1)

ruminating, reflecting on positives + negatives, and strengths and weaknesses (i’d be justified in withdrawing)

dyadic (phase 2)

telling partner abt dissatisfied (overt communication)

social (phase 3)

friends, enemies, cut off? communication to others abt breakup (it is now inevitable)

gravedressing (phase 4)

coping period, disconnect, reinterpret partner characteristics, narrative abt breakup (def over)

resurrection (phase 5)

individual resurrection to start dating again

What are direct breakup tactics

direct breakup, dating someone else, giving justification, relationship talk

what are indirect breakup tactics

avoidance, withdrawal, relational excuses, pseudo de-escalation, cost escalation

what is unilateral dissolution?

one partner decides to end the relationship

what is bilateral dissolution

both partners mutually decide to end it

what is self-other orientation

self=thinking abt self; other=still taking other person into consideration

what are 4 ways a relationship can end?

no loss, fate (death/accident), rejection, rival

most psychological harmful way to end relationships?

rival

which loss produced most loneliness?

fate (death)

which loss produces jealousy

rival + rejection

what is family by form?

people related by blood, marriage, or legal guardianship (clear criteria)

family by function

ppl performing family roles and responsibilities

family by interaction

ppl who communicate and share emotional connections

definition of family

network of ppl bound by marriage, blood, law, commitment, or shared history who consider themselves family

family of origin

family that raised you

family of procreation/orientation

family you create

family communication dimensions - cohesion

emotional bonding among family members. 4 levels: disengaged (low bond, autonomy), separated (moderate but still connection), connected (connection + bonding but still autonomy), enmeshed (high bond, no autonomy)

family communication dimensions - adaptability

familys ability to adjust to change and stress. 4 levels: rigid (hard time, traditional), structured (value rules + control but still adjust), flexible (fewer rules but still structure/expectations), chaotic (adjust to everything, fluid, no rules)

Family systems theory - interdependence

change in one fam member affects everyone else

Family systems theory - wholeness

family is 1 unit

Family systems theory - family rules/patterns

important because they provide predictability

Family systems theory - calibration and feedback

checking whether family rules are followed and providing positive or corrective feedback

Family systems theory - adaptation

families constantly change and adjust

Family systems theory - equifinality

different families can reach the same outcome through different paths

Family systems theory - multifinality

families can experience the same events but end with different outcomes

5 internal functions of family communication

basic care, socialization (manners), intellectual development, recreation (fun relaxation), social support (love and social)

2 external functions of family communication

(CAN AFFECT OTHER FAMS) cultural transmission and accommodation to societal changes

Why is initial attraction a poor predictor of marriage success?

compatibility matters more over time

critical transition hypothesis

major life transitions (parenthood) create stress for families

how do children affect martial quality

martial satisfaction decreases after having children but tends to increase again after empty nest stage. why is decreases is bc less time tg, fewer relationship opportunities, parenting disagreements, lower psychological well-being.

4 things that must be dissolved during divorce

love, attachment to routines, attachment to roles, and legal commitment

orderly divorce

all 4 dissolved

disorderly divorce

at least 1 component remains

what is “divorce in name only”?

legally divorced but love, routine, role still there

what is “I wish it hadn’t happened”?

only love and role remains

what is “i’ve got you under my skin”

only love remains

what is “common law arrangement”?

love and routine remains

what is “why not be roommates”?

routine and role still remains

what is “marriage has its advantages”?

role and legal still remains

what is “business as usual”?

only routine remains

what are the 3 types of commitment?

to spouse, to marriage (moral, dont believe in divorce), and entrapment (commitment is an obligation + leaving would be too difficult)

attribution

an explanation why something happened. attribution style varies as a function of whether a marriage is distressed or non-distressed

how do distressed marriages interpret events

positive events seem less positive, and small negatives events become bigger

how do non-distressed marriages interpret events

positive events are amplified and negative events are minimized