Assessment, care, violence and collaboration

developmental questionaires

Ages & Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), Denver II — track milestones.

variations in approach

• Least invasive first: respirations → pulse → temp.

• Use toys/play for distraction. Involve parents for comfort.

pediatrics vitals

vary by age: infants faster HR/RR, lower BP.

growth charts

track weight, height, head circumference to detect abnormalities.

stressors and coping

• Infants: fear separation → cry.

• Toddlers: regression, temper tantrums.

• School age: fear of injury/loss of control.

• Adolescents: privacy, body image concerns.

pediatrics assent and consent

• Parents consent; older kids give assent (agree even if not legal consent).

• Some teens can consent for STI, pregnancy, mental health care without parents.

room safety

remove hazards, supervise closely.

therapeutic play

dolls, role-play to prepare for procedures.

therapeutic hold

gentle short-term immobilization.

restraints

only if absolutely necessary and per protocol.

pediatric medication administration

• Weight-based dosing (mg/kg).

• Use syringes for infants, never mix meds in essential food.

pediatrics access and fluids

• If IV fails → Intraosseous (IO) access in emergencies.

• Fluids calculated carefully to avoid overload.

physical abuse

injuries in various healing stages, inconsistent stories.

neglect

poor hygiene, no health care, inadequate supervision.

sexual abuse

bloody underwear, STI, unusual sexual knowledge.

emotional abuse

low self-esteem, withdrawal, developmental delays.

ethical duties

• Mandatory reporter — even if unsure.

• Document objectively: quotes, behaviors, injuries.

• Separate child/parent during assessment.

• Leave detailed interviews to trained professionals.

rt

(airway/breathing support),

pt/ot

(mobility, developmental support),

social workers

(family resources, abuse screening).