HOSA 2024-2025 BIOMEDICAL DEBATE ONLINE TESTING CARDS

what percentage of gravity is the gravity on mars

%38

what affected girls and boys the most stimulus wise

girls - social media

boys - video games and porn

what was the most intense period of rewiring

2010 - 2015

When was COPPA enacted, what does it stand for, and what is it

1998, requires children under 13 to get parental consent before they can sign a contract with a company to give away their data

what % of american children under 13 have created instagram accounts

40%

what was jean twenges work

change in tech = change in generation (summary)

when did iphone arrive

2007

when did like and retweet arrive

2009

when did front facing cameras come out

2010

when did facebook acquire instagram

2012

what time period did free play begin to decline

1980 decline 1990 accelerated decline

what are the 4 features of "real world" relationships

they are

1. embodied

2. synchronous

3. one to one or one to several communication

4. high bar for entry and exit

characteristics of "virtual world" relationships

they are

1. disembodied

2. asynchronous

3. one-to-many communications

4. low bar to entry and exit

4 foundational harms to phone based childhood

sleep deprivation, social deprivation, attention fragmentation,

addiction

What does the Happiness Hypothesis examine

10 great truths on how to live a flourishing life

What does the Righteous Mind examine

the foundations of morality

when were seatbelts mandated. and car seats

1960, 1980s respectively

foundational rules for healther childhood in digital age

1. no smartphones before highschool

2. no social media before 16

3. phone free schools

4. more unsupervised play and childhood independence

James = playstation angry

!

Emily = kill herself if her parents took away phone

!

when was the Coddling of the American Mind written

early 2018

percent increase of teenagers who had at least one major depressive episode from 2010-2020

girls - 145%

boys - 161%

higher rates of interalizing disorders vs externalizing disorders gender

boys had higher rates of external

girls higher internal

percent of mental health issues percent increase since 2010

anxiety -134%

depression - 106% increase

adhd - 72% increase

what age group had the highest increase of anxiety

18-25 with 139%

Wisconsin highschool survey

increase in prevalence of anxiety within students. 34% in 2012 to 44% in 2018

what percent of college students found themselves anxious "always" or "most of the time"

37%

emergency room visits percent increase gender

girls - 188%

boys - 48%

NSSI stand for?

nonsuicidal self-injury

NSSI women over 24 went down.

suicide rates percent increase gender

boys - 91%

girls - 167%

suicide rates for boys are higher. NSSI for girls are higher

Pew Research Center study

2011, 77% of american teens had a phone. 23% had a smartphone

Common Sense Media study

2016, 79% of teens owned a smartphone

Children have been watching tv since the 1950s

Companies that were the wost offenders were those that strived to

maximize their engagement by using psychological tricks, hooking children during their vulnerable developmental stages

Most intense period of rewriting was:

2010 to 2015

COPPA was enacted in

1998

COPPA requires

children under 13 too get parental consent before they can sign a contract with a company(TOS) to give away their data and some of their rights when they open an account

COPPA's wording doesn't require

the company too verify the ages

__% of American children under 13 have created instagram accounts

40

t/f there has been no update of federal laws since 1998

true

Frontal cortex doesn't develop until

mid-20s

Frontal cortex is essential for

self-control

Oldest members of gen Z began puberty at 09, where several tech trends converged:

iPhone in 07, high speed broadband in 00, like/retweet/share buttons in 09

4th trend that hit girls harder than boys

posting yourself

What led too posting yourself

adding front facing camera (2010) and fb acquiring insta in 2012

Nightmare of gen z adolescence

online shaming

Great Rewiring of childhood

first generation ppl raised on the internet

2nd plotline of great rewiring

restricting autonomy in the free world

When did free play begin too decline

1980s, accelerated in the 90s

Transitions too childhood

play-based to phone-based in the 80s

Adolescents

10-20

Teens

13-19

Children

0-12

Parents restricting freedom in the real world unknowingly

granted full independence in the virtual world

Central Claim:

overprotection in the real world and underprotection in the virtual world

Real world: relationships and social interactions are characterized by 4 features

embodied (use our bodies to communicate), synchronous(happening at the same time), one-to-one/one-to several communication, take place with high bar for entry and exit

A high bar for entry and exit

people are strongly motivated too invest in relationships and repair rifts

4 features of the virtual world

disembodied, asynchronous, one-too-many, low bar for entry and exit(they can j block ppl)

Example of virtual world interaction in the pre-internet era

two scientist who only knew each other by exchanging letters

Being placed in a community that someone cannot easily escape forces people to

manage relationshpis, themselves, and emotions too keep these emotions going

The author is a

social psychologist

First book by the author

happiness hypothesis

Where does the author teach

stern and virginia

2nd book

the righteous mind(foundations of morality)

Greg lukianoff was a friend of the author and realized

students began engaging in similar distorted thinking patterns he learned too reject when he learned CBT

CBT cognitive behavioral therapy

1st theory and greg had

universities were unintetninally teaching cognitive distortions(partially correct

3 foundations for healthier childhood in the digital age

no smartphones before highschool(should give limited phones), no social media before 16, phone-free schools, more unsupervised play and childhood independence

Emily situation

her mother wants too disable instagram on her phone bc she cans ee the damaging effects it has on her, and put various programs too limit the apps on her phone, but when she got into her mom's phone she disabled the monitoring software and threaneted to kill herslef if her paretns reinstalled it

Most stories of boys come from

a casual gamer transitioning into heavy gaming

James

mild autism into judo before coivd and then was given a playstation, he was happy for a littl ebut hten his behavior began to change. Taking the electronics away caused withdrawal symptoms

Figure 1.1 % of Depression among teens

145% increase since 2010, 161% increase since 2010

While the increase in girls was larger, boys started lower, making their increases

150%

The data was collected before and after COIV and by then 1 out of # girls experienced a major depressive episode this year

4

Anxiety and depression are

internalizing disorders

Internalizing disorders

a person feels strong distress and experiences the symptoms inwardly

emotion s felt internalizing disorders

anxiety, fear, sadness, and hopelessness

Externalizing disorders

a perosn fels distress and turns the symptoms and responses outwards toward others

Conditions of externalizing disorder

conduct disorder, lack of self-control, tendencies toward violence

Girls suffer higher rates of which type of disorder

internalizing

boys/men suffer higher rates of which disorder type

externalizing

Figure 1.2 % of undergraduates with several mental illnesses

Anxiety increased by 134%, Depression increased by 106%, ADHD increased by 72% since 2010

Difference between anxiety and fear

anxiety is anticipation to an expected threat and fear is emotional repsonse to the threat

Figure 1.3 % of adults reporting high levels of anxiety

18-25 139% increase, 26-3 103% increase, 35-49 52% increase, 50+ 8% decrease since 2010

2022 study of more than study of more than 37,000 high school students in wisocnsin found an increase of anxiety form 2012-18

34-44%

2023 study of american college found that

37% of American college students reported feeling anscious always/mostly, 31% abt half, ⅓ feel anxiety less than hal fthe time

What transofmrs anxiety into an anxiety disorder

alarm bell is on a hair trigger that is activated by ordinary events

Our evolutionary advantaged made us become aware of not only physical threats, but

social threats and death(being kicked out the group)

Anxiety or depression more common

anxiety

2 key symptoms of MDD

depressed mood and los of interest/pleasure in most activities

How long must symptoms be presnet for MDD too be diagnosed

2 weeks

Anxiety and dpression are cuased by 2 factors

genes and thought patterns

A counterargument brought upt and ohw it was handled

reports increased, maybe meaning young people were more open abt it; covered by looking at changes in measures not self-reported

Figure 1.4 Emergency Room Visits for Self-Harm Rate

Girls 188% increase since 2010, Boys 48% increase

NSSI

non suicidal self-injury(cutting yourself wihout intending too kil)

Rate of self harm for different age groups of women

young adolescents nearly tripled, older girls doubled, women over 24 went down

Figure 1.5 Suicide rates for younger adolescents

91% increase in boys, 167% increase for girls

Smartphones were adopted

faster than any other communication technology in history