GOV - BIG UNIT REVIEW

"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances."

The First Amendment protects citizens rights for which of the following?

a. All of the answers are correct

b. Refusing vaccinations because your church teaches against it

c. Holding a peaceful protest against excessive use of force by police

d. Writing a letter to the editor that criticizes the government

All of the answers are correct

Which ONE of the following statements is true concerning the historical development of government?

a. Things were stagnant in government development for hundreds of years.

b. Several Greek philosophers came up with revolutionary thoughts about government.

c. Aristotle continued to develop more theories about government.

d. No theories about government had been developed until the modern times.

Things were stagnant in government development for hundreds of years.

Around 350 B.C., Aristotle came up with which ONE of the following theories?

a. Power that believed that a powerful and autocratic leader is essential to bring order to the society.

b. Natural Law that believed that the society should be governed by certain ethical principles.

c. National Law that believed that the society should be ruled by strong leaders.

d. Common Law that believed that the society should hold the common people accountable to their own actions.

Natural Law that believed that the society should be governed by certain ethical principles.

During the Enlightenment, serious thinkers began to embrace the idea of suppressing oppressive governments through which of the following?

a. Benevolent society

b. Common well-being

c. Popular consent

d. Popular election

Popular consent

Which of the following actions is most likely to cause tension between the competing values of individualism and rule of law?

a. Developing a corporate policy that promotes women and minorities to leadership positions

b. Decreasing military spending

c. Increasing environmental regulations to reduce pollution

d. Harsher criminal penalties for use of recreational drugs

Harsher criminal penalties for use of recreational drugs

Which ONE of the following individuals wrote about three "branches" of government that checked one another's power?

a. Rousseau

b. Montesquieu

c. Mozart

d. John Locke

Montesquieu

"It is equally evident, that the members of each department should be as little dependent as possible on those of the others.... But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others."

In this excerpt, Madison is explaining which ONE of the following fundamental principles of the U.S. Constitution?

a. Limited government

b. Judicial review

c. Checks and balances

d. Due process

Checks and balances

The Supreme Court can decide, or rule, that a state or federal law is unconstitutional. Which of the following fundamental principles of American government does this illustrate?

a. Limited government

b. Due process

c. Judicial review

d. Popular sovereignty

Judicial review

Enlightened philosophers were influenced by the chaos of medieval times, when widespread death and destruction was brought about by a lack of which of the following?

a. Centralized government

b. Education

c. Hospitals

d. Doctors

Centralized government

The toleration of Catholics in Maryland and Quakers in Pennsylvania are examples of which of the following fundamental values?

a. Rule of law

b. Religious freedom

c. Self-government

d. Equality of opportunity

Religious freedom

Which ONE of the following eighteenth century English philosophers theorized that the right to rule came from the "consent of the governed"?

a. Shakespeare

b. Rousseau

c. Montesquieu

d. John Locke

John Locke

Which of the following was written in 1215, established the belief that the monarch's rule was not absolute, and provided the basis for the later development of parliament?

a. English Bill of Rights

b. Petition of Rights

c. Constitution

d. Magna Carta

Magna Carta

Both the Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution support which ONE of the following foundational principles?

a. Purely democratic structure of government

b. Separation of powers

c. Consent of the governed

d. Republicanism

Consent of the governed

The Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower sailed for Virginia in 1620 but got lost and landed at Plymouth in present-day Massachusetts. They found themselves cohabitating with no official charter to prescribe governance over them. Instead, they developed the Mayflower Compact, which in essence declared they would rule themselves.

The Pilgrims' development of the Mayflower Compact is an example of which of the following fundamental values?

a. Personal liberty

b. Self-government

c. Rule of law

d. Equality of all citizens

Self-government

In order to draw a line before an individual seizes power that greatly restricts the liberties of others, democratic societies expect balance by achieving a compromise between which of the following?

a. Wealth and charity

b. Power and freedom

c. Truth and lies

d. Liberty and equality

Liberty and equality

The American government has its roots in a seventeenth and eighteenth century European movement that questioned the traditional authority of the monarch to rule and was known as which of the following?

a. French Revolutions

b. War of the Roses

c. Enlightenment

d. Black Death

Enlightenment

Which of the following theories did John Locke develop?

a. The Social Contract Theory, where he argued that all individuals are naturally free and, upon giving their consent when they become members of the society, they consequently have the right to revolt against a government that is acting improperly.

b. The Peaceful Contract Theory, where he argued that the government has the right to repress individual rights for peace and order.

c. The Common Agreement Theory, where he stated that the government should allow individuals to silence or reprimand opponents of the government.

d. The Social Agreement Theory, where he stated that individuals and government should remain solidly bound to each other no matter how the government acts.

The Social Contract Theory, where he argued that all individuals are naturally free and, upon giving their consent when they become members of the society, they consequently have the right to revolt against a government that is acting improperly.

Which of the following reasons lead the American colonies to seek a new government after 150 years of British rule?

a. The American colonists' experience with local militias prompted them to create a new government.

b. The British government had wholeheartedly allowed them to be self-governing.

c. The domestic instability that followed the American Revolution prompted a call for a new type of government with a constitution to guarantee liberty.

d. The British Constitution had inspired the American colonists to create their own government.

The domestic instability that followed the American Revolution prompted a call for a new type of government with a constitution to guarantee liberty.

The basis of "sovereignty" is the recognition that which of the following is true?

a. freedom was easier to achieve if all people banded together and toppled the corrupt government.

b. protection was easier if people stayed together in groups and if they all agreed that one or some in the group should have more power than others.

c. equality was possible if only one race dominated the society.

d. security was easier if people spied on each other and notified the authorities of suspicious individuals.

protection was easier if people stayed together in groups and if they all agreed that one or some in the group should have more power than others.

Many of the fundamental principles found in the United States Constitution (1787) were based on which of the following?

a. concept of salutary neglect

b. writings of Enlightenment philosophers

c. rule of absolute monarchs in Europe

d. influence of British Loyalists

writings of Enlightenment philosophers

Which THREE of the following are reasons why governments exist?

a. To protect people from conflicts

b. To punish opposition

c. To create rules

d. To provide law and order

1. To protect people from conflicts

2. To create rules

3. To provide law and order

Thomas Jefferson incorporated John Locke's idea of the social contract theory in the Declaration of Independence because this idea did which of the following?

a. supported the divine right of kings

b. considered economic rights more important than inalienable rights

c. called for a gradual change of government

d. justified the overthrow of a government that denies individual liberties

justified the overthrow of a government that denies individual liberties

Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, James Madison, and others took the brave steps of creating a government based on which of the following Enlightenment values?

a. liberty, fraternity, and equality

b. family, community, and nation

c. love, peace, and harmony

d. liberty, equality, and justice

liberty, equality, and justice

“The House of Representatives shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States . . . The number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative.”

“The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.”

Based on this excerpt, Article I, Sections 2 and 3 of the United States Constitution were influenced by which ONE of the following Constitutional Convention compromises?

a. The Virginia Compromise

b. The Great (Connecticut) Compromise

Correct!

c. The Three-Fifths Compromise

d. The Electoral College Compromise

The Great (Connecticut) Compromise

Thomas Jefferson supported the Constitution under which of the following conditions?

a. There would be a very strong standing army to immediately put down any rebellions

b. The slave trade would continue indefinitely as a preservation of states’ rights

c. Human rights would be protected in a series of amendments

d. The federal government would have significantly less power than the state governments

Human rights would be protected in a series of amendments

Laws are made when a bill is introduced, approved by both houses of Congress, and signed into law by the President. The President’s ability to veto a bill is an example of which of the following?

a. Judicial review

b. Limited government

c. Checks and balances

d. Due process

Checks and balances

The basis of “sovereignty” is the recognition that which of the following is true?

a. Security was easier if people spied on each other and notified the authorities of suspicious individuals

b. Protection was easier if people stayed together in groups and if they all agreed that one or some in the group should have more power than others

c. Freedom was easier to achieve if all people banded together and toppled the corrupt government

d. Equality was possible if only one race dominated the society

Protection was easier if people stayed together in groups and if they all agreed that one or some in the group should have more power than others

One main obstacle to the ratification of the Constitution was the number of representatives each state would have in Congress.

Select one:

True

False

True

“...But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists of giving those who administer each department, the necessary constitutional means, and personal motives, to resist encroachment of the others.”

In this excerpt, Madison is referring to which ONE of the following US government foundational principles?

a. Social contract

b. Separation of powers

c. Federalism

d. Natural rights

Separation of powers

Which of the following summarizes the Three-fifths Compromise?

a. Stated 3/5ths of all states were required to ratify the Constitution

b. Counted women as 3/5ths of a person

c. Impacted the population count in both taxation and representation

d. Required a 3/5ths vote on every measure at the Constitutional Convention

Impacted the population count in both taxation and representation

"In order to lay a due foundation for that separate and distinct exercise of the different powers of government, which to a certain extent is admitted on all hands to be essential to the preservation of liberty, it is evident that each department should have a will of its own..."

In this excerpt, Madison emphasizes the importance of which of the following?

a. The appointment of Supreme Court justices by the President of the United States

b. The division of power between the different branches of government

c. The separate but equal doctrine

d. The supremacy and elasticity clauses

The division of power between the different branches of government

Which of the following explains how the Supreme Court decisions in Marbury v. Madison and McCulloch v. Maryland made the role of the Supreme Court and the power of the federal government clear?

a. By establishing the Bill of Rights and the Constitution as the law of the land

b. By establishing the bicameral legislature of the federal government and the Electoral College

c. By establishing the system of federal judgeship and the appellate courts

d. By establishing judicial review and the supremacy of federal laws over state laws

By establishing judicial review and the supremacy of federal laws over state laws

Which THREE of the following are places that democratic tradition truly began?

a. The Enlightenment of 17th and 18th centuries

b. The French Revolution

c. The Protestant Reformation

d. The ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome

1. The Enlightenment of 17th and 18th centuries

2. The Enlightenment of 17th and 18th centuries

3. The ancient civilizations of Greece and Rome

Which of the following divides the power of government between national and state governments?

a. Monarchy

b. Republicanism

c. Dictatorship

d. Federalism

Federalism

Which one of the following represents the basic values of democratic political systems that preserve freedom?

a. War and civil disobedience

b. Peace and order

c. Liberty and equality

d. Balance and harmony

Liberty and equality

Which of the following actions would create the most tension between the competing values of rule of law and limited government?

a. Investigating journalists for publishing news stories critical of the president

b. Establishing a fund to promote the arts in Washington, D.C.

c. Developing a corporate policy that promotes women and minorities to leadership positions

d. Implementing a policy to investigate discrimination in housing

Investigating journalists for publishing news stories critical of the president

The belief of "divine right" is which of the following?

a. The ruler’s authority to rule is a God-given right

b. The people’s authority to choose a leader is a God-given right

c. The nation’s fate lies in choosing God’s way

d. Only priests and religious individuals have the authority to take over the government

The ruler’s authority to rule is a God-given right

The decision in Miranda v. Arizona that led to the requirement of police officers to read suspects their rights when they are being arrested is an example of which of the following?

a. Separation of powers

b. Due process

c. Limited government

d. Judicial review

Due process

In the United States, you can listen to any kind of music you want. In Cuba, certain types of music, such as “reggaeton,” are banned by the government. The freedom of choice about music in the United States exists because of which of the following fundamental values in American government?

a. Judicial review

b. Limited government

c. Due process

d. Separation of powers

Limited government

The Bill of Rights was adopted to satisfy which of the following?

a. All of these answers are correct

b. To alleviate concerns that the more powerful central government created in the Constitution would lead to tyranny

c. To allay the concerns of Anti-Federalists, who opposed the Constitution because they thought it lacked sufficient protections of individual rights

d. To guarantee explicit protections for individual rights and civil liberties

All of these answers are correct

The debate over ratification of the Constitution involved which of the following?

a. Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

b. Democrats vs. Republicans

c. Marbury vs. Madison

d. Constitutionalists vs. Monarchists

Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Which THREE of the following statements characterized the Declaration of Independence?

a. The famous introduction clearly reflected John Locke’s Social Contract Theory

b. The Declaration clearly shaped the philosophical basis of the British government

c. Thomas Jefferson drafted the document primarily as a list of grievances against the king

d. The Declaration stated that the colonists had the right to alter or to abolish the British government for abusing the people’s rights, and to institute a new Government

1. The famous introduction clearly reflected John Locke’s Social Contract Theory

2. Thomas Jefferson drafted the document primarily as a list of grievances against the king

3. The Declaration stated that the colonists had the right to alter or to abolish the British government for abusing the people’s rights, and to institute a new Government

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government.”

In this excerpt, Jefferson is advocating for which ONE of the following principles?

a. Separation of powers

b. Popular sovereignty

c. Federalism

d. Rule of law

Popular sovereignty

"To what expedient, then, shall we finally resort, for maintaining in practice the necessary partition of power among the several departments, as laid down in the Constitution? The only answer that can be given is, that as all these exterior provisions are found to be inadequate, the defect must be supplied, by so contriving the interior structure of the government as that its several constituent parts may, by their mutual relations, be the means of keeping each other in their proper places."

In this excerpt, Madison is advocating for which ONE of the following fundamental principle of the United States constitutional democracy?

a. The government should be responsible for the common defense and coining money

b. The government should include a bicameral legislature and an executive committee

c. The government should balance personal liberty with the need for law and order

d. The government should be structured to limit its own power through a system of checks and balances

The government should be structured to limit its own power through a system of checks and balances

Which of the following statements best explains the compromise behind the creation of the Electoral College?

a. A compromise between large and small states so that the larger states did not have an excess of power in choosing the president

b. A compromise that outlined a plan for the eventual elimination of the practice of enslavement

c. A compromise that established the numbers of representatives and senators each state would have

d. A compromise limiting the power of the presidency through the Supreme Court

A compromise between large and small states so that the larger states did not have an excess of power in choosing the president

Which of the following was written in 1776 and was an agreement among the thirteen original states that formed a loose “league of friendship”?

a. The Articles of Confederation

b. The Constitution

c. The Declaration of Independence

d. The Bill of Rights

The Articles of Confederation

“We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. That to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any form of government becomes destructive to these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new government.”

Based on this excerpt, Jefferson would most likely agree with which ONE of the following statements?

a. A government is only just if the majority of people agree with the government’s decision

b. A government is only just if it is based on a hereditary monarchy

c. A government is only just if it empowers the rights of all people, including women and minorities

d. A government is only just if the people have a voice in it

A government is only just if the people have a voice in it

“No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him, or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgement of his equals or by the law of the land. To no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or justice.”

Based on this excerpt, the Magna Carta influenced which ONE of the following fundamental principles of American government?

a. The right not to have soldiers quartered in private homes

b. The right to due process of law

c. The right to freedom of speech

d. The right to be represented by an attorney

The right to due process of law

Former U.S. President Richard Nixon resigned from office before he faced impeachment charges for his role in the Watergate scandal, which involved a break-in and theft. Nixon’s resignation showed which of the following fundamental values in American government?

a. Rule of law

b. Freedom of speech

c. Due process

d. Separation of powers

Rule of law

The Anti-Federalists were NOT concerned about which of the following?

a. Term lengths were too long

b. There was not a Bill of Rights included initially

c. Establishing three branches of government would be too confusing

d. The national government would be too powerful

Establishing three branches of government would be too confusing

Which of the following was written in 1688, guaranteed free elections, and rights for citizens accused of crime?

a. The Constitution

b. The English Bill of Rights

c. The Petition of Right

d. The Magna Carta

The English Bill of Rights

Federalists believed which of the following?

a. There should not be a strong central government

b. Direct democracy was the best form of government

c. None of these answers are correct

d. The elite and wealthy had no place in the government

None of these answers are correct

Which of the following summarizes the Great (Connecticut) Compromise?

a. Established the Electoral College

b. Mostly favored the smaller states

c. Formed our bicameral legislature

d. Decided the issue of slavery

Formed our bicameral legislature

A man was arrested for robbery. While he is talking to the police, he decides that he wants an attorney. He clearly states to the police that he wants to stop talking and speak to an attorney before he answers any more questions. The police ignore him and continue interrogating him, and he becomes upset and states something incriminating. When a judge finds out that the man invoked his right to remain silent and to have an attorney present during questioning, and the police ignored this, the judge dismisses the case.

Which of the following fundamental constitutional values of American government is reflected in the scenario?

a. Limited government

b. Separation of powers

c. Due process

d. Judicial review

Due process

Which of the following was written in 1215, established the belief that the monarch’s rule was not absolute, and provided the basis for the later development of parliament?

a. The Constitution

b. The Magna Carta

c. The English Bill of Rights

d. The Petition of Rights

The Magna Carta

Anti-Federalists believed which of the following?

a. All of these answers are correct

b. The elite were not the best to govern because they were corrupt

c. State governments should be stronger than the federal government

d. Ordinary people should have significant input into government

All of these answers are correct

Which of the following showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and the need for a Constitution that balanced the fundamental values of both order and liberty?

a. French Revolution

b. American Revolution

c. Spanish-American War

d. Shay's Rebellion

Shay's Rebellion

Which of the following best describes the United States government as written in The Constitution?

a. Participatory democracy

b. Oligarchy

c. Direct democracy

d. Indirect democracy

Indirect democracy

Which ONE of the following principles CANNOT be found in the Declaration of Independence?

a. People are guaranteed certain natural rights

b. Federalism is necessary in a democratic system

c. Government receives their power from the consent of the governed

d. The right to rebel against unjust governments

Federalism is necessary in a democratic system

The concept of the “inalienable rights” of “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness” were foundational to the which ONE of the following?

a. The Magna Carta

b. The Declaration of Independence

c. The Articles of Confederation

d. The English Bill of Rights

The Declaration of Independence

The most common indication that a government is ruled by law is which of the following?

a. The existence of a written constitution

b. The existence of a king

c. The existence of an election

d. The existence of supreme courts

The existence of a written constitution

In Flowers v. Mississippi, the Supreme Court ruled that the plaintiff, who was tried six times for a quadruple murder and imprisoned for 22 years, deserves a new trial because of the prosecution's racial discrimination in jury selection.

Which of the following fundamental constitutional values of American government is reflected in the scenario?

a. Judicial review

b. Separation of powers

c. Limited government

d. Due process

Due process

"Federalism" is described by which TWO of the following statements?

a. The national government absolutely controls all state governments

b. It is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of a “unitary” and a “confederate” system

c. Power is shared by the national and state governments

d. State governments exercise absolute power over the national government

1. It is a compromise meant to eliminate the disadvantages of a “unitary” and a “confederate” system

2. Power is shared by the national and state governments

From 1781 to 1789, the United States was an example of which of the following?

a. Unitary system

b. Communist system

c. Confederate system

d. Federal system

Confederate system

Which of the following is part of the enumerated powers of the federal government?

a. Right to conduct local elections

b. Right to establish a local government

c. Right to regulate intrastate commerce

d. Power to tax

Power to tax

A “confederation” is characterized by which THREE of the following statements?

a. The state or local government is supreme

b. The national government only wields powers granted by the states

c. The state governments allow the national government to take control

d. It has a weak central government and strong state governments

1. The state or local government is supreme

2. The national government only wields powers granted by the states

3. It has a weak central government and strong state governments

The government agencies that aimed to relieve poverty and economic distress of farmers, homeowners, businesses, laborers, and banks during the Great Depression were called which of the following?

a. Secret agencies

b. Numerical agencies

c. Alphabet agencies

d. Bureaucracies

Alphabet agencies

When states cannot tax imports or exports, they are exercising which of the following?

a. Full faith and credit

b. Delegated powers

c. Prohibited powers

d. Implied powers

Prohibited powers

Which ONE of the following powers does NOT fall under the federal system of government?

a. Congressional powers

b. Concurrent powers

c. State powers

d. National powers

Congressional powers

Which former President of the United States won the 1980 election and claimed that the federal government, in its attempts to improve society, was actually eroding individual freedoms?

a. Richard Nixon

b. John F. Kennedy

c. Ronald Reagan

d. Franklin Roosevelt

Ronald Reagan

Presidents Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, and George Bush tried to slow the growth of the national government and tilt power back to the states under the banner of which of the following?

a. New Federalism

b. Great Society

c. State Supremacy

d. New Frontier

New Federalism

“The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, not prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”

Based on this excerpt, the Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution describes which of the following?

a. Expressed powers

b. Inherent powers

c. Implied powers

d. Reserved powers

Reserved powers

Which of the following is an example of inherent powers of the national government?

a. The power to establish a post office

b. The power to declare war

c. The power to regulate interstate commerce

d. The power of the United States to acquire territory by exploration and/or occupancy

The power of the United States to acquire territory by exploration and/or occupancy

Which of the following is an “implied power”?

a. The power to provide professional licenses

b. The power to participate in space exploration

c. The power to establish a local government

d. The power to set rules for marriages and divorce

The power to participate in space exploration

Which of the following is a type of grant that was pushed by the Reagan Administration where the categorical grants were consolidated and given to states with few strings and much broader categories such as “education” or “highways”?

a. Categorical grants

b. Block grants

c. Educational grants

d. Grants-in-aid

Block grants

Which of the following powers are powers shared by the state and the federal governments?

a. Enumerated

b. Implied

c. Concurrent

d. Elastic

Concurrent

Which of the following is a type of grant that is appropriated by Congress to states for a specific purpose and allocated by a precise formula with detailed conditions imposed by the national government?

a. Categorical grants

b. Dual federalism

c. Block grants

d. Free grants

Categorical grants

Which of the following is the major characteristic of “New Federalism”?

a. The return of power to the states

b. The retention of power to the national government

c. The new assignment of power to the people

d. The sharing of power between the national government and the states

The return of power to the states

“Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. And the Congress may by general Laws prescribe the Manner in which such Acts, Records and Proceedings shall be proved, and the Effect thereof.”

Based on this excerpt, Article IV, Section 1 of the United States Constitution expresses the responsibility of each state to do which of the following?

a. To modify the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state to adapt to its own situation

b. To ignore the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state

c. To recognize the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state

d. To demand that the federal government certifies the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state

To recognize the public acts, records, and civil judicial proceedings of every other state

Which of the following is an example of a western unitary government?

a. North Korea

b. France

c. Russia

d. United States

France

The Supreme Court decision in McCulloch v. Maryland established which of the following?

a. The “supremacy” of the federal government

b. The nullification of federal authority

c. The desegregation of races

d. The war on poverty

The “supremacy” of the federal government

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a “unitary system”?

a. The central government and the local governments are united and have equal powers

b. It is one in which power is concentrated in a central government

c. It grants or retains powers to and from local governments at its whim

d. The national government is supreme

The central government and the local governments are united and have equal powers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Articles of Confederation?

a. It established a weak central government

b. The state of local government was supreme

c. Power is shared by the national and state governments

d. The state government was allowed to nullify a federal law within its own borders

Power is shared by the national and state governments

In their attempt to balance order with liberty, which of the following was NOT a reason identified by the Founders for creating a federalist government?

a. To avoid tyranny

b. To use the states as "laboratories" for new ideas and programs

c. To allow more participation in politics

d. To give more power to the states

To give more power to the states

Which of the following compares federalism to a layer cake, where each layer of government — national, state, and local — have responsibilities separated clearly by a distinct covering of "icing"?

a. Comparative Federalism

b. Dual Federalism

c. Great Society

d. New Federalism

Dual Federalism

In 1994, which of the following Republican groups attempted to return many functions to the states?

a. New Deal

b. Devolution Revolution

c. Great Federalism

d. New Revolution

Devolution Revolution

Which of the following is NOT a “delegated power”?

a. The power to raise and maintain armed forces

b. The power to coin money

c. The power to participate in the nuclear arms race

d. The power to declare war

The power to participate in the nuclear arms race

Which former Senator eventually served as Vice-President of the United States (1825-1832) and claimed that states had the right to nullify, or reject, a federal law?

a. Richard Nixon

b. John Calhoun

c. Franklin Roosevelt

d. Ronald Reagan

John Calhoun

Which of the following is a characteristic of a confederal government?

a. Laws may be applied uniformly to all

b. If the country is large, a distant central government can lose control

c. Laws may be made to suit individual needs of the states

d. The efforts of the government seldom duplicates or contradicts itself

Laws may be made to suit individual needs of the states

Which former President of the United States created the “alphabet soup” agencies to fight the Great Depression?

a. Franklin Roosevelt

b. Ronald Reagan

c. John Calhoun

d. John F. Kennedy

Franklin Roosevelt

The federal system of government is exemplified in which ONE of the following countries?

a. United States

b. France

c. Japan

d. England

United States

The Supreme Court established the “supremacy” of the federal government in which of the following cases?

a. Brown v. Board of Education

b. McCulloch v. Maryland

c. Miranda v. Arizona

d. Marbury v. Madison

McCulloch v. Maryland

Which ONE of the following characterizes “weak political parties” as an institutional barrier to voter participation?

a. Political parties helped members register to vote

b. Political parties are not strongly organized at the local level

c. Political parties provided transportation to voting polls

d. Political parties called their members

Political parties are not strongly organized at the local level

The situations listed below illustrate when voter-turnout was low in the United States EXCEPT for which ONE of the following?

a. Fewer Americans bother to vote for their local representatives

b. Many people find it difficult to get off work in order to go vote

c. The scandals of the past several decades have fostered a lower correlation between self-efficacy and voting

d. Fewer than 50% of eligible voters went to the polls during the 1996 presidential election

The scandals of the past several decades have fostered a lower correlation between self-efficacy and voting

Writing to representatives, working for a candidate or political party, and presenting to the local school board or city council are examples of which of the following?

a. Polling

b. Political scandals

c. Political attitudes

d. Political participation

Political participation

Which ONE of the following is NOT considered a form of participation in a democracy?

a. Contributing money toward a political cause

b. Attending a church mass

c. Joining a political party

d. Attending school board meetings

Attending a church mass

Pollsters follow several important steps in gathering accurate statistics EXCEPT for which ONE of the following?

a. Samples must be carefully selected

b. Respondents must be contacted in a cost-efficient way

c. The sample must be randomly selected

d. Questions must be carefully and objectively worded

Samples must be carefully selected

Which of the following accurately characterizes “nationalism”?

a. The individual's rights are valued above those of the state

b. Most people believe in the right to be free, as long as another's rights are not abused

c. Most Americans are proud of our past and values that include the belief that we are stronger and more virtuous than other nations

d. Government is based on a body of law applied equally and fairly and not on the whims of a ruler

Most Americans are proud of our past and values that include the belief that we are stronger and more virtuous than other nations

Which of the following characteristics describes “individualism”?

a. We are stronger and more virtuous than other nations

b. The individual’s rights are valued above those of the state

c. Individuals have the rights to own private property and compete freely in open markets with as little government involvement as possible

d. Most people believe in the right to be free, as long as another's rights are not abused

The individual’s rights are valued above those of the state

Which TWO of the following factors could contribute to low voter turnout?

a. Scandals of the past several decades

b. Typhoons during election day

c. Voters emigrating to other countries

d. Growing alienation among voters

1. Scandals of the past several decades

2. Growing alienation among voters