Final Review Questions

Flashcards from lecture notes.

__ changes:

where a change is made physically and can be undone, or reversed.

__ changes:

where the change is made chemically and can’t be reversed into its original states.

__:

the ability to do work.

__ energy:

Bond energy between atoms.

__ energy:

the power made when the center of an atom is split or joined.

__:

The process by which a solid turns into a liquid when heated.

__:

The process where liquid turns into gas at the surface, usually below boiling point.

__:

The process where a gas turns into a liquid when cooled.

__:

The process where a liquid turns into a solid when cooled.

__ Reaction:

process in which substances (reactants) are transformed into new substances (products).

__ Reaction:

Two or more substances combine to form a single product.

__ Reaction:

A single compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances.

__ Reaction:

A substance reacts with oxygen to produce heat and light (usually forming CO₂ and H₂O).

__:

A place where living and non-living things interact

__ level:

A step in a food chain

__:

A producer makes its own food

__:

A consumer eats others for energy

__:

Organism Eats only meat

The reason for producing heat energy is __

Friction(internal motion and atoms).

In an electric motor, __

electromagnetic energy is converted to mechanical energy.

In a battery, __

chemical energy is converted into electromagnetic energy.

In solids, __

Particles are tightly packed in fixed positions. They vibrate in place but do not move freely.

In liquids, __

Particles are close together but can slide past each other. They move more freely than in solids but still stay relatively close.

In gasses, __

Particles are far apart and move quickly in all directions. They fill the container they are in.

Main Idea in The Particle Theory of Matter: __

All matter is made up of tiny particles.

Main Idea in The Particle Theory of Matter: __

Particles are in constant motion.

Main Idea in The Particle Theory of Matter: __

There are spaces between particles.

Main Idea in The Particle Theory of Matter: __

Particles attract each other.

Which nutrients in food provide energy? __

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins

Displacement Reaction __

One element replaces another in a compound.

Double Displacement Reaction __

Ions are exchanged between two compounds.

__ : Decomposition Reaction

CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂

__ : Combination Reaction

2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl

__ : Double Displacement Reaction

AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃

__ : Combustion Reaction

C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O

__ : Single Displacement Reaction

Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

Advantage of Pyramids of number: __

Pyramids of number allow us to compare the number of organisms present in each trophic level.

Disadvantage of Pyramids of number: __

No account is taken of size