2nd PEAT Part III

A patient with diabetes had a right transtibial amputation 5 days ago. An advantage of a rigid removable dressing versus bandaging is that the rigid dressing:

1. allows for early weight bearing.

2. requires less monitoring.

3. allows applied pressure to be varied.

4. is less costly.

1

When instructing a patient with rheumatoid arthritis in a home exercise program, the physical therapist should advise the patient to rest:

1. after the onset of joint pain.

2. after one hour of exercise.

3. when fatigued.

4. before becoming fatigued.

4

A patient has a comminuted femoral fracture with an external fixator. There is no sign of quadriceps contraction with electrical stimulation. Which of the following is the MOST likely cause?

1. A lesion in the femoral nerve

2. A contusion of the quadriceps muscle

3. An unstable fracture site

4. A lesion in the L4-L5 nerve roots

1

A patient with an excessive anterior pelvic tilt will usually have which of the following associated conditions?

1. Weak lumbar extensors

2. Weak hip flexors

3. Piriformis flexibility deficits

4. Iliacus flexibility deficits

4

Following insertion of a chest tube, a patient displays scapular winging. The physical therapist should expect the patient to have the MOST difficulty:

1. scratching the low back area.

2. turning a doorknob.

3. holding a briefcase.

4. reaching forward for an object.

4

A patient is seen in physical therapy after an arthroscopic debridement of the knee. Which of the following describes the optimal parameters for electrical stimulation to address an extensor lag noted during the examination?

1. Duty cycle of 50%; current intensity high enough to produce 40% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction; 20 minute total treatment time

2. Duty cycle of 20%; current intensity high enough to produce 40% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction; 20 minute total treatment time

3. Duty cycle of 20%; current intensity high enough to produce 60% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction; 10 minute total treatment time

4. Duty cycle of 50%; current intensity high enough to produce 60% of maximal voluntary isometric contraction; 10 minute total treatment time

3

Appropriate knee positioning when strength testing the hamstrings in the prone position will minimize:

1. active insufficiency of the hamstrings and rectus femoris.

2. active insufficiency of the rectus femoris and passive insufficiency of the hamstrings.

3. active insufficiency of the hamstrings and passive insufficiency of the rectus femoris.

4. passive insufficiency of the hamstrings and rectus femoris.

3

An adult patient requests feedback on his health and wellness exercise program. The patient reports a weekly weight loss of 4.4 lb (2 kg)/week for the last 2 months and is utilizing a dietary intake of 900 kcal/day over the same time period. The BEST advice for the physical therapist to provide to this patient is to:

1. decrease dietary intake further to improve ability for greater weight loss.

2. keep intake and weight loss targets the same.

3. increase dietary intake and target a weight loss of no more than 2.2 lb (1 kg)/week.

4. increase dietary intake and exercise to preserve weight loss at 4.4 lb (2 kg)/week.

3

Which of the following changes in cardiopulmonary function is MOST likely to occur in a pregnant woman in her third trimester of pregnancy?

1. Increase in oxygen consumption

2. Decrease in respiratory rate

3. Decrease in cardiac output

4. Decrease in heart rate

1

When the test shown in the photograph is performed, the patient reports reproduction of pain. Which of the following functional activities is LEAST likely to cause pain in this patient?

1. Turning a doorknob

2. Reaching away from the side

3. Lifting overhead

4. Putting on a jacket

1

A physical therapist is reviewing study findings summarized as follows: Patients with patellofemoral pain who received an experimental strengthening program plus a standard exercise program achieved improved outcomes, compared to patients who received only the standard exercise program (p = .001). The researchers had set the alpha level to .05 before the study began. Which of the following statements MOST accurately characterizes the results?

1. A statistically significant difference exists between the two interventions.

2. A small difference exists between the two interventions.

3. A large difference exists between the two interventions.

4. No difference exists between the two interventions.

1

During the examination of a patient who went on a hiking trip 1 week ago, a physical therapist notes neck stiffness and notices a red rash with partial central clearing on the patient's upper extremity. The therapist should suspect that the patient has which of the following conditions?

1. Meningitis

2. Herpes zoster

3. Lyme disease

4. Retropharyngeal abscess

3

A physical therapist is performing a manual muscle test as shown in the photograph. If the patient is unable to achieve at least a grade of Fair (3/5), which of the following positions would be the BEST modification for the test?

1. Sitting against a wall for support

2. Lying sidelying

3. Lying supine

4. Lying prone

3

A patient is referred to physical therapy with a diagnosis of adhesive capsulitis. During the initial evaluation, the patient is found to have limited shoulder range of motion, decreased tolerance to weight-bearing, recurrent night pain, and increased deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following courses of action is BEST for the physical therapist?

1. Contact the patient's referring physician.

2. Initiate small-amplitude oscillations performed at the beginning of the range of motion.

3. Perform pulsed ultrasound to the anterior aspect of the shoulder.

4. Delay therapy for 1-2 weeks until the pain decreases.

1

A patient has a cavernous wound on the sacrum. Which of the following data collection methods is MOST appropriate to identify the wound volume?

1. Take a photograph of the wound.

2. Measure the length and width using a disposable ruler.

3. Trace the wound onto an acetate measuring guide.

4. Measure the amount of hydrogel that fills the wound without spillage.

4

Which of the following patient activities will BEST facilitate the goal of the mobilization being performed in the photograph?

1. Performing heel raises while seated

2. Walking on tiptoes on level surfaces

3. Performing single limb stance activities

4. Ascending and descending stairs with a reciprocal pattern

4

A physical therapist is examining a patient who has emphysema and no acute symptoms. During auscultation of the lungs, the therapist will MOST likely observe which of the following findings?

1. Wet crackles (rales)

2. Friction rub

3. Low-pitched wheezes (rhonchi)

4. Diminished breath sounds

4

A physical therapist plans to use autolytic debridement to treat a patient's shallow, dry, partly necrotic leg wound. Which of the following dressings is MOST appropriate for this wound?

1. Hydrofiber dressing

2. Transparent film

3. Enzymatic agent

4. Foam dressing

2

A patient who has an L1 spinal cord injury (ASIA Impairment Scale A) is working toward independent walking with knee-ankle orthoses and forearm crutches. When walking with crutches, the patient is unable to achieve neutral hip extension. Which of the following interventions would BEST address this problem?

1. Strengthening the hip extensors

2. Strengthening the back extensors

3. Stretching the hamstrings

4. Stretching the hip flexors

4

Which of the following clinical features is a CONTRAINDICATION to intermittent compression?

1. Past history of deep vein thrombosis

2. Impaired sensation

3. Local infection

4. Peripheral neuropathy

3

Which of the following muscles is MOST active during the exercise shown in the photograph?

1. Infraspinatus

2. Supraspinatus

3. Teres major

4. Rhomboid minor

1

Which of the following findings is MOST likely a negative prognostic indicator for surgical wound healing?

1. Bloody discharge on postoperative day 1

2. Clear and watery discharge on postoperative day 3

3. Purulent discharge on postoperative day 5

4. No discharge and a raised suture line on postoperative day 10

3

When working with a patient who has tuberculosis, which of the following options BEST describes the appropriate location for treatment and type of personal protective equipment that a physical therapist should wear?

1. Therapy gym, N-95 respirator

2. Patient's room, N-95 respirator

3. Therapy gym, standard mask

4. Patient's room, standard mask

2

A patient has difficulty with knee control while descending stairs. Which of the following exercises is MOST appropriate to improve function in this task?

1. Wall squats

2. Quadriceps setting exercises

3. Long arc knee extension with free weights

4. Concentric knee extension using an isokinetic dynamometer

1

A physical therapist is teaching a patient who has hemiplegia to perform overhead reaching activities. Which of the following teaching methods is MOST likely to encourage retention of the skill?

1. Provide instructions while demonstrating the activity.

2. Have the patient perform multiple repetitions of the activity.

3. Demonstrate movements that should be avoided during the activity.

4. Passively move the patient's limb through multiple repetitions of the activity.

2