Voice Disorders Final Exam- Mix of Multiple Quizlets

initiation of voice begins in the

inferior and lateral aspects of the primary motor cortex

which cranial nerve provides motor innervation to the larynx?

facial nerve

what are some perceptual voice characteristics that you may hear in a patient with unilateral vocal fold paralysis?

breathiness, hoarseness, decreased or monoloudness, diplophonia and pitch breaks are all common in patients with UVFP

what is the goal of voice therapy in patients with unilateral vocal cord paralysis?

to help strengthen their vocal muscles while hoping for spontaneous recovery

strain/strangle and intermittent voice stoppages are observed in patients with

adductor spasmodic dysphonia

which of these voice therapy techniques can be used with patients with essential voice tremor?

-reducing voice intensity

-elevating voice pitch a half note

-attempting to shorten vowel duration

-all of the above

all of the above

please name two evidence-based treatments that are used for voice therapy in patients with Parkinson's Disease?

Lee Silverman Voice Treatment and Parkinson Voice Project

which cranial nerve is responsible for manipulating the tongue to produce vowels and consonants while speaking?

XII hypoglossal

the muscles to be most avoided when treating adductor spasmodic dysphonia with botulinum toxin are the

posterior cricosrytenoids

vocal fold thyroplasty in the case of a unilateral vocal fold paralysis.

involves implantation of a wedge lateral to the paralyzed fold.

which cranial nerve is responsible for manipulating the tongue to produce vowels and consonants during speaking?

CN XII

A busy ENT refers a client to you to rule out adductor spasmodic dysphonia from muscle tension dysphonia. You apply the Voice Facilitation Approach of focus, which is designed to reduce muscle tension at the larynx. The patient responds well and provides good vocal quality with an appropriate pitch. Ten minutes later you apply the technique again. If the client presents with a classic adductor spasmodic dysphonia, she will most likely present with vocal arrests. If the disorder is truly a muscle tension dysphonia, she will most likely present with...

normal phonation

the muscles to be most avoided when treating adductor spasmodic dysphonia with botulinum toxin are the...

posterior cricoarytenoids

Individuals presenting with the classic symptoms of Parkinson's disease typically demonstrate reduced posture and increased rigidity, which in turn, is manifested in...

reduced phonatory amplitude

patients with spasmodic dysphonia...

have a better outcome when voice therapy is combined with medical management

voice and speech approaches to parkinson's disease include

-increasing breath support

-increasing vocal fold adduction

-client and family counseling with respect to the nature of the voice and speech changes

-all of the above

all of the above

slow, imprecise articulation as well as harsh voice quality and monopitch and monoloudness are characteristics of...

spastic dysarthria

Otolaryngologists and speech pathologists like to wait approximately 12 months before engaging in any medical intervention in hopes that the recurrent laryngeal nerve will regenerate in the case of an idiopathic or traumatic

unilateral vocal fold paralysis

the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are innervated by various branches of the...

vagus nerve

Laryngoscopic visualization often yields...

the most important information about the larynx

The Voice Handicap Index is...

the most popular self-perceived voice handicap instrument in use today

A patient describes a situation where her vocal severity varies from morning through the night, such that her vocal severity has increased upon waking each morning, decreased throughout the day, and increased, again, the next morning. This is suggestive of...

laryngopharyngeal reflux

The CAPE-V...

Stands for the Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice

the oral peripheral examination in a voice evaluation...

is good for revealing any external muscle hypertension, such as clenched teeth and jaw restrictions.

clinical instrumentation...

should be combined with clinical impressions and auditory-perceptual judgements of voice.

laryngostroboscopy

works by synchronizing the flash of the stroboscopic light with the fundamental frequency of the vocal fold vibration.

which statement is correct regarding the s/z ratio?

it is an indirect index of laryngeal airflow

electroglottography is

a noninvasive technique for obtaining an estimate of vocal fold contact patterns during phonation

frequency variability is...

measured in terms of the standard deviation from the average fundamental frequency.

what are the characteristics of a good voice screening test?

comprehensive, accurate, quick and thorough

How do you prepare yourself to communicate if your patient is an ENT physician?

I would make sure that everything I was going to say to them was in language that an ENT would understand and then be sure to clarify if they had any questions.

Patients with LPRD have their best voice early in the morning: true or false

false

three tools used during a perceptual voice evaluation are:

1. GRBAS scale

2. CAPE-V

3. Voice Handicap Index

What is the benefit of laryngostroboscopy compared with standard laryngoscopy?

Larygnostroboscopy allows for visualization of the vocal fold patterns during vibration.

High-speed digital imaging does not require periodic phonation and can visualize VF vibration regardless of the degree of aperiodicity and level of dysphonia: true or false.

true

the oldest method to visualize the larynx is...

indirect laryngoscopy

all of the following are among observations during laryngoscopic examinations EXCEPT:

-glottic closure

-tongue weakness

-mucosal wave

-phase symmetry

tongue weakness

Aginig usually increases Maximum Phonational Frequency Range : true or false

false

which of these types of breathing patterns is inefficient for speech?

-clavicular

-thoracic

-diaphragmatic

-abdominal

clavicular

what is the s/z ratio for mass lesions?

>1.4

Auditory feedback to the voice disordered client

Is easily achievable through inexpensive digital recording devices

working on loudness changes

should be addressed only after conducting a full audiological evaluation

chant talk draws upon the principle of

legato

a breathy voice with less loudness, as if one doesn't want to awaken a person sleeping nearby...

confidential voice

hierarchy analysis

can help medialize the vocal folds in some cases of unilateral vocal fold paralysis

digital manipulation

can help medialize the vocal folds in some cases of unilateral vocal fold paralysis

hierarchy analysis is based on the theory of...

reciprocal inhibition

nasal-glide stimulation can be applied in which group of patients:

-muscle tension dysphonia

-spasmodic dysphonia

-nodules and polyps

-all of the above

all of the above

the open-mouth approach

increases oral resonance

the yawn-sigh

dilates the pharynx

inhalation phonation

is optimally produced with a high /i/

voice facilitation approaches are used with patients presenting with:

-functional voice disorders

-organic voice disorders

-neurogenic voice disorders

-all of the above

all of the above

the voice facilitating approach of chewing

relaxes the overall vocal tract thus, improving vocal quality

the voice facilitating approach of digital manipulation is useful for patients who:

are using higher fundamental frequency values than they should

Establishing a new pitch is useful for patients who:

speak at an inappropriate pitch level

Redirected phonation is useful for patients who:

experience difficulty finding their voices

Glottal fry is used for patients who:

are excessively tensing their vocal folds

during the yawn-sigh, the pharynx is

dilated and relaxed

children with vocal hyperfunction are ideally seen in the clinic with their siblings and parents because it is common for vocal attributes to be shared by several family members. To illustrate excessive loudness among family members, a good first step might be:

auditory feedback

patients with Parkinson's Disease often present with reduced loudness (hypophonia). One effective approach to improve hypophonia is:

open-mouth

the following description applies to: "a breathy voice with less loudness, as if one does not want to awaken a person sleeping nearby"

confidential voice

all of the following are age-related voice changes EXCEPT:

-lengthening of the vocal tract or oral cavity

-reduction in pulmonary function

-laryngeal cartilage ossification

-decreased stiffening of the vocal folds

decreased stiffening of the vocal folds

surgery is the first line of intervention for Presbyphonia: true or false

false

the overall aim of voice therapy for vocal in school-age children is identifying their voice abuses and voice misuse and reducing the occurrence of such behaviors: true or false

true

all of the following procedures are usually considered regarding pediatric voice therapy EXCEPT:

-building quiet times into child's day

-drinking plenty of water

-selecting a just right voice partner to help maintain those good vocal habits

-thyroplasty

thyroplasty

which group of patients show the following perceptual voice features:

elevated voice pitch, excessive pitch and loudness variability, and variations in nasal resonance?

hearing loss

singers are the most likely group in professional voice users who may experience voice disorders: true or false?

false

as a clinician in the area of transgender intervention, it is important for you to know that:

typical transgender voice client is very concerned about his or her pitch.

which of the following may trigger PVFM:

-inhaling smoke or steam

-shortness of breath or stress

-chronic cough

-all of the above

all of the above

seniors are at a greater risk for chronic dysphonia if they also experience

-esophageal reflux

-severe neck or back injury

-chronic pain

-all of the above

all of the above

presbyphonia is characterized by:

reports of reduced health-related quality of life

child voice disorders

place children at risk socially and academically

professional singers' vocal problems

are mostly driven by things the performers do when not singing

studies investigating the Deaf and Hard of Hearing suggest, among other vocal and speech behaviors

reduced articulatory accuracy

a more feminine speaking pattern requires

greater use of intonation

irritants such as dust, pollens and dander are common triggers for

paradoxical vocal fold movement

the suspected etiologies underlying paradoxical vocal fold movement is/are

multifactorial

presbyphonia

is correlated with poorer health-related quality of life and a tendency to avoid social situations

the typical transgender client is concerned about his or her

vocal pitch

what is the long-term side effect of radiation therapy?

fibrosis of soft tissue

in the advanced stage of the cancer, the gold standard for intervention is:

laryngectomy

CT scans have identified that a tumor has invaded the thyroid gland and involved multiple lymph nodes. This cancer would be described as:

T4, N3

preoperative laryngectomy counseling should include:

-include the patient and his or her family, and provide contact with an experienced laryngectomee mentor

-provide illustrations and films about the respiration, phonation, and swallowing changes post-surgery

-provide all postlaryngectomy communication options

-all of the above

all of the above

Research has found that esophageal speech is easy to learn and use by most laryngectomees: true or false

false

an indwelling prosthesis used for tracheoesophageal speech

must be replaces after a period of months by an SLP, nurse or physician in an outpatient setting

All of the following are important factors in the choice of a voice restoration method for Don except:

ambulatory status

Head and neck cancers account for approximately

3% of all cancers in the United States

The T in TNM stands for

tumor

counseling with respect to the breathing and speech changes with total laryngectomy should be

offered presurgically and include written and video illustrations of the changes that occur in the speech mechanism and alaryngeal communication options

the post-laryngectomy communication option that does not require air pressure through the PE segment is

the artificial larynx

tracheoesophageal puncture

requires careful consideration of the risk factors and success by the SLP, physician and patient

in a total laryngectomy

the entire larynx is removed

in tumor staging, N0 refers to

no spread to the neck lymph nodes

esophageal speech

is less frequent since the development of TEP

The PE segment

is highly variable in location, length, shape and tone among individuals

the laryngectomy has general communication options after surgery, which include

esophageal speech, tracheoesophageal speech and the electrolarynx

"The words run continuously together without stress or a change in prosody for the individual word segments." This statement refers to the following approach

A.

Digital manipulation

B.

Confidential Voice

C.

Chant‐Talk

D.

Chewing

C. Chant‐Talk

All the following techniques may improve hyperfunction EXCEPT

A.

Yawn‐sigh

B.

Redirected Phonation

C.

Open‐mouth approach

D.

Confidential Voice

B.

Redirected Phonation

Glottal fry

A.

Is achieved on inhalation only

B.

Requires little subglottic pressure

C.

Lengthens the thyroarytenoid muscles

D.

Is a poor index of vocal fold relaxation

B. Requires little subglottic pressure

Nasal‐glide stimulation can be applied in which group of patients

A.

Muscle tension dysphonia

B.

Spasmodic dysphonia

C.

nodules, and polyps

D.

All of the above

D.

All of the above