ANAPHY QUIZ

Anatomy

scientific discipline

Anatomy

structure of the body

Anatomy

to dissect, cut apart or seperate

Anatomy

parts of the body for study

Physiology

process or function of living things

Homois

Similar

Histemi

standing still

Stasis

standing

organization

specific interrelationships for it to perform essential functions for the living organisms to thrive

metabolism

chemical reactions taking place in an organism

responsiveness

ability to react wether a stimulus or change

growth

an increase in number or length

development

organism changes through time

reproduction

ability to form new organism

reproduction

giving possibility to tissue repairs and continuity

homeostasis

internal balance of the body

negative feedback

occurs to reduce the change or output

negative feedback

help to maintain stable environment

positive feedback

occurs to increase the change or output

positive feedback

the result of a reaction is amplified to make it occur more quickly

negative feedback loops

feedback mechanism resulting resulting in the inhibition or the slowing down of a process

negative feedback loops

always maintain the conditions of homeostasis

negative feedback loops

occur more often in the body, helping in maintaining various conditions of the body

positive feedback loops

feedback mechanism resulting in the amplification or growth of the output signal

positive feedback loops

less common but occur in specific situations

internal environment

water-based medium in which body cells exist.

tissue cell

cells are bathed in fluid called

internal environment

absorb oxygen and nutrients from the surrounding interstitial fluid, which in turn has absorbed these substances from the circulating blood.

cellular waste

diffuse into the bloodstream via the interstitial fluid, and are carried in the blood to the appropriate excretory organ

body temperature and blood pressure

tend to fluctuate within a normal range a few degrees above and below that point

control centers in the brain, negative feedback

monitor and react to deviations from homeostasis using _________ ?

selective permeability

Allows the cell (plasma) membrane to control the entry or exit of many substances, thereby regulating the composition of its internal environment

selective permeability

Ensures that the chemical composition of the fluid inside cells is different from the interstitial fluid that bathes them.

homeostasis

is an inner stability of the body

set point

is the physiological value around which the normal range fluctuates.

normal range

is the restricted set of values that is optimally healthful and stable.

nervous and endocrine systems

Entire regulation process is made possible by the coordinated action of many organs and tissues under the control of the?

homeostasis

is a balancing act that can be thrown out of whack by environmental challenges

stress

One way to disrupt HOMEOSTASIS

stress

is the overall disruption that forces the body to make ADAPTIVE CHANGES.

homeostasis, sick or die

when ______ breaks down, we become _______?

control systems

detect and respond to changes in the internal environment.

control center

determines the limits within which the variable factor should be maintained.

feedback system

is a response to the INITIATING STIMULUS.

feedback system

It can be POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE.

negative feedback

When the response is OPPOSITE to the initiating stimulus.

positive feedback

When the response REINFORCES the initial stimulus.

blood vessels

dilate allowing more blood from the body core to flow to the surface of the skin allowing the heat to radiate into the environment.

sweat glands

activated to increase their output. As the sweat evaporates from the skin surface into the surrounding air, it takes heat with it.

homeostatic imbalance

arises when the fine control of a variable factor in the internal environment is inadequate and its level falls outside the normal range

homeostatic imbalance

If the control system cannot maintain homeostasis, an abnormal state develops that may threaten health, or even life itself

Ralph Waldo Emerson

said that “the surest poison is time”

biology

confirms that many functions of the body decline with age.

ageing

Noticeable variability between individuals owing to different genetic makeup and lifestyles.

atrophy

Many tissues, including those in muscles, lose mass through a process called ?

puberty

maturity of most body organs occurs during?

early adulthood

maximal efficiency during?

brain and myocardium

Most organs are able to repair and replace their tissues, with the notable exceptions of the?

functional reserve

means that considerable loss of function must occur before physiological changes are evident.

ageing

is generally associated with decreasing efficiency of body organs and/or increasing frailty.

ageing process

is not accompanied by any specific illnesses or diseases.

ageing

is poorly understood although it affects people in different ways.

lifespan

is influenced by many factors, some of which are hereditary

pathophysiology

Can lead to developing understanding in relation to the body's transition from normal biological functioning to diseased pathophysiological states.

health and illness

are not viewed the same in any two individuals

etiology

Study of the cause(s) of disease and/or injury

endogenous

originating from within the body

exogenous

coming from outside the body

idiopathic

Diseases can be of unknown cause called?

iatrogenic

Some conditions are caused by the effects of treatments and called?

nosocomial

denotes a new disorder, not the patient's original condition

pathophysiology

Study of the changes that occur in cells, tissues and organs when altered by disease and/or injury and the effects these have on normal body function.

pathophysiology

To relate normal body function to the pathological changes that occur and can lead to disease processes.

predisposing factors

make an individual more susceptible to disease

disease prevention

is highlighted for healthcare professionals to consider and incorporate if appropriate.

pathology

scientific study of disease

pathology

Includes the study of structural alterations in cells, tissues and organs that help to identify the cause of disease.

symptoms

an indication that a disease is present and is what the patient usually complains of

sign

what the clinician or healthcare practitioner is looking or feeling for.

clinical features

of a disease are often accompanied by structural or functional changes that can be investigated.

patho

“illness”

angina

worse condition of the heart

body parts and region

help to properly identify specific areas of a patient’s body

directional terms

describe the parts of the body

prone

lying face down

supine

lying face up

medial

towards the body’s midline

lateral

away from the body’s midline

distal

farthest from the point of origin

proximal

closest to the point of origin

superior

above

anterior

toward the front of body

posterior

toward the back of the body

superficial

at or near the body’s surface

deep

away from the body’s surface

inferior

below

directional terms

described the parts of the body

abdominal regions and quadrants

determining the exact location of possible concurrent to different organs can be difficult