Humerus + Shoulder Girdle

Proximal Humerus

1. Greater Tubercle

2. Intertublar groove

3. Surgical neck

4. Head

5. Anatomic neck

6. Lesser tubercle

7. Deltoid Tuberosity

8. Body

Shoulder Girdle

What is part of it?

What does it articulate with?

Scapula and clavicle

• Humerus is not a true part

Articulates with - Head of humerus (shoulder joint), Manubrium of sternum (sternoclavicular joint), Clavicle to scapula (acromioclavicular joint)

-Functions to connect the upper limb to the trunk of the body

Scapulohumeral joint

Ball and socket (greater freedom of movement)

Sternoclavicular joint

Gliding

Acromioclavicular joint

Gliding

1. Scapulohumeral joint

2. Lateral (axillary) border

3. Axilla

4. Superior border

5. Medial (vertebral) border

Name the 3 borders and 3 angles of scapula

Borders

• Superior

• Medial (vertebral)

• Lateral (axillary)

Angles

• Superior

• Inferior

• Lateral/Head

Scapula anterior view

1. Coracoid Process

2. Scapular notch

3. Superior angle

4. Acromion

5. Glenoid cavity

6. Lateral angle (head)

7. Neck

8. Costal surface, subscapular fossa

9. Inferior angle

10. Body (blade, wing, ala)

Scapula posterior view

1. Supraspinous fossa

2. Crest of spine

3. Acromion

4. Infraspinous fossa

5. Dorsal surface

Scapula lateral view

1. Acromion

2. Spine

3. Dorsal surface

4. Lateral border

5. Inferior angle

6. Superior angle

7. Coracoid process

8. Glenoid surface

9. Costal surface

Clavice

Females clavicle is shorter and less curved than male

1. Acromion of scapula

2. Acromioclavicular joint

3. Acroomial extremity (end)

4. Body

5. Sternal extermity (end)

6. Sternoclavicular joint

Label -

Neutral, External, Internal

1 - External

2 - Internal

3 - Neutral

Shoulder girdle technical factors

KVP - 75-85

Grid

Small focal spot

40 SID

Turn head away from side of interest

Remove necklaces, clothing in area 

Suspend respiration to elimate motion

can be done erect or recumbent

AP Humerus

Include both shoulder + elbow joints

CR - midhumerus

Arm in anatomical position

Epicondylar plane parallel to IR

Entire humerus

Greater tubercle in profile laterally

Medial and lateral epicondyles in profile distally

Lateral Humerus

Can be done lateromedial or mediolateral

Epicondylar plane perpendicular to IR

CR to midhumerus

both joints

Lesser tubercule in profile medially

Epicondyles superimposed distally

Shoulder AP external rotation

Epicondyles parallel to IR

CR- 1 inch inferior to coracoid process

Same position as AP humerus

Greater tubercule in profile laterally, lesser tubercule superimposed head of humerus

Scapulohumeral joint centered

Proximal humerus, upper scapula, clavicle visualized

AP shoulder Internal rotation

Epicondyles perpendicular to IR

CR - 1 inch inferior to coracoid process

Looks like lateral humerus

Lesser tubercule in profile medially, greater tubercule superimposed over head

Scapulohumeral joint centered

Proximal humerus, upper scapula, and clavicle visualized

AP Scapula

Breathing techinque - blurr ribs, rapid short in and out breaths, long exposure time

CR - midscapula, 2 inches inferior to coracoid process

Move scapula laterally off the ribs - raise arm

Entire scapula

Lateral border of scapula free of ribs and lungs

Scapular Y Lateral

Lateral Scapula

Scapula in lateral position, perpendicular to IR

Center at vertebral border with patient in anterior oblique

RAO=LPO 40-60 degree

Borders(lateral and medial) of scapula superimposed

Free of superimposition by ribs

Arm elevated

Humerus not superimposing scapula

AP clavicle

CR perpendicular + midclavicle

AP Axial clavicle

CR- 15 to 30 degree angle cephalad

Asthenic - 25 to 30 angle

Hyperstenic - 15 to 20 angle

CR to midclavicle

Clavicle superior to apices

Label the joints

1. Acromioclavicular (AC)

2. Scapulohumeral

3. Sternoclavicular (SC)

AP external rotation

LABEL

A. Head of humerus

B. Greater Tubercule

C. Intertubercular sulcus

D. Lesser tubercule

E. Anatomic neck

F. Surgical neck

G. Body

AP scapula 

LABEL

A. Acromion

B. Neck of scapula

C. Suprascapular notch

D. Superior angle

E. Medial border

F. Inferior angle

G. Lateral border

H. Glenoid cavity

Spapular Y Lateral

A. Acromion

B. Coracoid Process (always closest to ribs)

C. Inferior Angle

D. Spine of scapula

E. Body of scapula

Breathing techinque

Orthostatic breathing

blurr ribs, rapid short in and out breaths, long exposure time 3-5 secs

AP scapula, Transthoracic lateral for humerus, Transthoracic lateral for shoulder

AC joint seperation

Trauma in upper shoulder resulting in a partial or complete tear of the AC.

Dislocation

when bones at a joint separate from their normal positions, often caused by trauma, leading to intense pain, swelling, deformity, and inability to move the joint