Government and Public Opinion Concepts

A comprehensive set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to government structure, public opinion, and federalism in the United States.

government

The institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.

legitimate authority

The recognized right of a government or other entity to wield power.

sovereignty

The supreme authority within a territory; the ultimate source of political power.

legislative branch

The branch of government responsible for making laws.

executive branch

The branch of government responsible for enforcing laws.

judicial branch

The branch of government responsible for interpreting laws and administering justice.

power of the sword

The government's power to use force and coercion to maintain order or enforce laws.

relational power

Power that is dependent on the relationship between individuals or groups.

power of the purse

The government's authority to raise and spend money.

positive incentive

A reward or benefit aimed at encouraging certain behaviors.

negative incentive

A consequence or penalty aimed at discouraging certain behaviors.

public goods

Products that are made available to all users, typically provided by the government.

free riding

Benefiting from a resource, good, or service without paying for its cost.

liberal democracy

A form of government characterized by free and fair elections, civil rights, and the rule of law.

authoritarian government

A government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.

limited government

A political system in which the legalized force is restricted through delegated and enumerated powers.

Federalists and Anti-federalists

Two opposing groups during the ratification of the Constitution; Federalists supported it, while Anti-federalists opposed it.

supremacy clause

A clause in the Constitution stating that federal law takes precedence over state law.

bicameralism

A legislative body with two chambers or houses.

judicial review

The power of courts to assess whether a law is in compliance with the constitution.