AP CSP Unit 4

Pixel

The smallest element or unit that makes up a digital image that can be individually processed.

while loop

A control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly according to a given Boolean condition (consists of initialization, condition, action, and update).

iterative

Repeating a process to generate an unbounded sequence of outcomes, or with the aim of approaching a desired goal or result.

initialization

To set a variable to an initial value

raster format image

An image represented by a grid of pixels. Can be scaled down with no quality loss, but when scaling up, can become fuzzy or pixelated.

vector format image

A graphic image made up of paths, not a specific number of dots, so they can be rescaled and not lose any image quality.

raw format image

An original image from a digital camera that is neither processed nor compressed and is a larger file format.

jpeg format image

A processed and compressed image that is more accessible and generally has a smaller file format

run length encoding

Lossless data compression where sequences of the same data value are stored as a single value.

frequency

The speed of the vibration that determines the pitch of sound. Measured in wave cycles that occur in one second (Hertz).

sampling

A technique for measuring the sound wave and digitally encoding sound to make a digital representation

bitmap

A file format used to store digital images.

backmasking

A technique for recording audio backward.

lossless data compression

Compression that has occurred with no loss of information so when decompression occurs, no data is ever lost if reverting back.

lossy data compression

Irreversible compression that uses a more aggressive compression ratio through approximations resulting in partial data loss.