nutrition

function of mouth

break food into smaller pieces, increases SA:V ratio. salivary amylase breaks down starch into maltose

function of oesophagus

pushes food to stomach by peristalsis

function of stomach

produces gastric juice containing hydrochloric acid and pepsinogen

what does hydrochloric acid in the stomach do

stops action of salivary amylase by denaturing it. converts pepsinogen to pepsin.

what does pepsin in the stomach do

catalyses digestion of proteins to peptones

functions of small intestine

digests carbohydrates, fats and proteins into nutrients which are absorbed into the bloodstream

what juices does the small intestine contain or receive

intestinal juice, receives pancreatic juice from pancreas and bile from liver via bile duct

what does maltase convert

maltose to glucose

what does lactase convert

lactose to glucose and galactose

what does sucrase convert

sucrose to glucose and fructose

what do peptidases convert

peptones to amino acids

what does intestinal lipase convert

fats to fatty acids and glycerol

what does pancreatic amylase convert

starch to maltose

what does trypsin convert

proteins to peptones

what does bile do

break fat globules into smaller globules, increase SA:V ratio

what does large intestine do

absorbs water and mineral salts from undigested food material

what does pancreas do

produce pancreatic juice, insulin and glucagon

what does the liver do

produce bile, deaminates excess amino acids to form urea, regulates blood concentration