International Relations: Realism and Liberalism Overview

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the theories of Realism and Liberalism within International Relations as discussed in the lecture notes.

Unipolar

A structure of the international system where there is a single dominant power, such as the US after the Cold War.

Bipolar

A structure of the international system characterized by two dominant powers or poles, exemplified by the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Multipolar

An international system structure consisting of three or more great powers, as seen with major European powers in the 19th century.

Technipolarity

The phenomenon where big tech companies exert power comparable to that of sovereign states, influencing international affairs.

Cyberattack

A malicious attempt to disrupt or damage a computer network, exemplified by the Russian attack on Ukraine's internet infrastructure.

Balancing coalition

An alliance formed by states to counter a rising hegemon or a powerful adversary.

Revisionist powers

States that are dissatisfied with the status quo and seek to change it, such as the Congress of Vienna's dealings with France after 1815.

Realism

A theory in international relations emphasizing power, state security, and the anarchic nature of the international system.

Security dilemma

A situation where the actions of a state to increase its security cause reactions from other states, leading to increased tensions and potential conflict.

Complex interdependence

The concept that global affairs are interconnected through multiple channels among various actors, reducing the primacy of military power.

Ideational liberalism

A theory emphasizing the impact of collective social values and identities on state behavior and preferences.

Hegemonic stability theory

The idea that a dominant power can lead to stability and peace within the international system.

Collective security

A concept in international relations where states work together to ensure peace and prevent aggression against any one member.

International regimes

Set of implicit or explicit principles, norms, rules, and decision-making procedures around which actor expectations converge in a given issue area.

Liberal institutionalism

A theory that highlights the role of international institutions in fostering cooperation among states, even in an anarchic environment.

Commercial liberalism

A school of thought that posits trade and economic exchanges as pathways to peace and cooperation among states.

Republican liberalism

The view that political liberalism within states fosters peace internationally due to democratic governance, where the public influences policy.

State sovereignty

The principle that states have authority and independence over their internal and external affairs, challenged by globalization.

Power transition theory

A theory describing how changes in a country's strength can alter the overall distribution of power in the international system.

Soft power

The ability of a nation to influence others through cultural appeal, values, and diplomacy rather than coercion or military force.

Anarchy

A term used in international relations to describe the absence of a central authority governing states, leading to a self-help system.

Institutionalism

A theoretical perspective that emphasizes the importance of institutions in guiding state behavior and promoting cooperation.