Geography Hydrological Cycle in a Drainage Basin

Evapouration

The transformation of water liquid to vapour by energy from heat or air movements.

Percolation

The process by which water moves downward from layers of soil into layers of rock

Abrasion

The collision of rocks with the banks and bed of the river- causing them to be eroded

Condensation

The change of state of water from a gas to a liquid

Precipitation

Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface

Turbulence

A type of movement of water in which, rather than moving downstream, the water moves in different directions and at different speeds

Hill throughflow

Water flowing through the soil layer parallel to the surface

Drainage Basin

The area from which a single stream or river and its tributaries drains all of the water

Precipitation

Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface

Evapouration

The transformation of water liquid to vapour by energy from heat or air movements

River discharge

The volume of water flowing through a river channel

Turbulence

A type of movement of water in which, rather than moving downstream, the water moves in different directions and at different speeds

Sublimation

A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state without becoming liquid

Vegetation storage

Any moisture taken up by vegetation and held within plants

Interception

Water is prevented from reaching the surface by trees or grass

Artificial interception

Water is prevented from reaching the surface by man- made constructions such as roofs/cars

Infiltration

The process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil below

Soil moisture storage

Water that is stored below the surface in unsaturated ground

Transpiration

Evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant (through pores called Stomata)

Stomata

Small openings on the underside of a leaf through which water, oxygen and carbon dioxide can move

Channel flow

The movement of water within the river channel.

Channel storage

Water held in a river or stream channel

Erosion

The breakdown of soil and rock by external agents such as wind, water and ice

River transport

The movement of sediment of all sizes in a riverdiment of all sizes in a river Hydraulic action-

Hydraulic action

The force of the river against the banks can cause air to be trapped in cracks and crevices

Attrition

The collision of sediments resulting in smaller and more rounded rocks

Solution

Dissolving rocks such as limestone through acidic water in the river- this is a process of both erosion and transport

Saltation

The movement of sand or other sediments by short jumps and bounces that is caused by wind or water

Traction

The rolling of pebbles or boulders along the bed of the river- they are heavy and remain along the bottom

Suspension

A mixture in which particles can be seen and floating within the river because they are light, such as clay /silt

Angular

A description used for rocks that are jagged and not smooth

Cumecs

Cubic metres per second

Groundwater storage

The storage of water underground in layers of porous rock (rock that contains

Groundwater flow

Water flowing through the rock layer parallel to the surface

Surface runoff

The flow of water of the surface ground