Exam 1 things I keep forgetting

histamine is a type

cytokine

plasma

mostly water, albumin ( a protein), electrolytes, hormones, plasma proteins (like coagulation factors and antibodies) and dissolved gases

serum *buffy coat”

platelets and leukocytes

microbiome is a layer of defense because

•compete with pathogens for nutrients

•block attachment to epithelium

•produce toxins to inhibit pathogen growth

innate

broadly specific

PAMP and DAMP

recognized by toll like receptors

cd4

•Act Directly through cytotoxic chemicals

humoral

memory b and plasma cells that make antibodies

CD8 receptor

•that interact with MHC I receptors on health cells to scan for viral particles that indicate “infected”

Microfilaments

motility- cell shape changes. used in contraction of muscle

intermediate filaments

cell stability (keep organelles in place)

microtubule

cell shape facilitate the movement of organelles and vacuoles. “roadmap” accumulation of tau protein(normally stabilize the microtubule in neurons) can tangle microtubule which disrupts the transmission of neurotransmitters

cytoplasm

everything between cell membrane and nucleus

1.inclusion: special to cell type ex:glycogen in muscle and liver

2.cytosol:water, protein, salt, sugar

3.organelles