Burns and Wounds anki cards

Antiseptic agents

Chlorhexidine

Hydrogen Peroxide

Povidone-Iodine Solution

Bacitracin MOA

Inhibits cell wall synthesis in several gram-positive organisms

Broad-spectrum sunscreen means protects against both ______ and _____.

UVA, UVB

Chemical Sunscreen

Absorb and block transmission of UVR

Exclusions for self-treatment of sun exposure

Allergy to all sun protectant ingredients

Age < 6 months

List 2 ways to determine the size of skin injury.

a. The rule-of-nines methods can be used to estimate body surface areas by dividing the body into multiples of 9%

b. Utilize a patient's hand (including the palm of the hand and fingers) which estimates 1% BSA

Minimum SPF required to be considered "broad spectrum"

15

Neomycin MOA

Aminoglycoside antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in gram-negative bacteria and some Staphylococcus species

Neosporin Ingredients

Bacitracin zinc, neomycin sulfate, polymixin b sulfate

Physical Sunscreens

Reflect and scatter UVR

Polymixin B Sulfate MOA

Causes leakage of intracellular contents of gram-negative bacteria

Polysporin ingredients

Bacitracin, polymixin B

Skin Protectant Ingredients

Petrolatum

White Petrolatum

Dimethicone

Zinc Oxide

Glycerin

Lanolin

Cocoa Butter

Colloidal Oatmeal

Sunscreen Application Recommendations

Apply 15 minutes before sun exposure.

Non-water-resistant products should be reapplied at least every 2 hours.Water-resistant products should be reapplied every 2 hours, after 40-80 minutes of swimming/sweating, and immediately after towel drying

Superficial partial thickness burn and wounds involve all of the __________ and the superficial ______________.

epidermis, dermis

Superficial wound/burn involves only the ________.

epidermis

The exclusions for self-treatment of minor burns and wounds.

a. Chemical, electrical, or inhalation burns

b. Wound secondary to an animal or human bite

c. Deep partial thickness, full thickness, or subdermal skin injuries

d. Any injury that is a suspected non-accidental injury

e. Signs of infection

f. Circumferential burns

g. Patients with pre-existing medical disorders that could complicate management, prolong recovery, or affect mortality (such as diabetes)

h. Wound containing foreign matter after irrigation

i. Chronic wound

j. Site of injury involving the face, hands, feet, major joints, genitals, or perineum

k. Skin injury seems to worsen or does not show signs of healing in 7 days

The exclusions for self-treatment of sunburn.

a. Large areas of blistering

b. Fever

c. Extreme pain

d. Headache or confusion

e. Lightheadedness or vision changes

f. Severe swelling

g. Signs of infection (open blisters that are draining pus, areas of redness or red streaks spreading or moving away from open blisters)

The five types of wound dressings.

a. Gauze

b. Adhesive Bandages

c. Hydrocolloid Dressings

d. Transparent Adhesive Films

e. Liquid Adhesive Bandages

Topical Antibiotics

Indicated for the prevention of infections in minor acute skin injuries.

Ointment formulation helps maintain a moist healing environment.

Treatment of acute minor skin injuries that are superficial or superficial partial thickness requires basic supportive measures such as:

Cleansing the wound by irrigation with cool, clean tap water

Applying moist wound care

Relieving any pain or discomfort

What are the 4 types of burns?

Thermal

Chemical

Sunburn

Electrical

What immunization status should be assessed when a break in skin is present?

Tetanus

What is a laceration?

Result from a sharp-edged object cutting through the various layers of the skin

What is an abrasion?

Usually result from rubbing or friction and affect the epidermal layer of the skin, extending to the uppermost portion of the dermis

What is the gold standard therapy to minimize scarring?

Silicone therapy

What occurs during Phase 1 of wound healing?

This is the inflammatory phase that lasts 3-4 days. This phase is the immediate response to injury; prepares the wound for subsequent tissue development.

Consists of 2 processess: hemostasis and inflammation.

What occurs during Phase 2 of wound healing?

This phase is the proliferative phase and lasts about 3 weeks. Wound is filled with new connective tissue and epithelium.

What occurs during Phase 3 of wound healing?

This phase is the maturation (remodeling) phase and the duration is variable...it begins at approximately 3 weeks. Involves a continual process of collagen synthesis.

Which types of burns require REFERRAL?

Electrical and chemical