UNIT 4: PHARMACISTS IN IMMUNIZATION

pathogens

organisms that cause diseases

vaccine

a PREPARATION that is used to stimulate the body's immune response against diseases

antigen

A substance that stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against it

immunization

a PROCESS by which a person becomes protected against a disease through vaccination

vaccination

the ACT of introducing a vaccine into the body to produce protection from a specific disease

active immunity

results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to PRODUCE antibodies to that disease

passive immunity

is provided when a person is GIVEN antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system

natural active immunity

What type of immunity occurs when a new pathogen enters the body and introduces a new antigen?

vaccine

What is a tiny weakened non-dangerous fragment of the organism that includes parts of the antigen?

parts of the antigen

What does a vaccine include to help the body recognize the disease?

specific antibody

What does the body learn to build after receiving a vaccine?

real antigen

What does the body recognize later after being trained by a vaccine?

community immunity

What protects those in the community who are unable to be vaccinated?

inactivated vaccine

What type of vaccine is a killed form of the pathogen and requires several doses?

mRNA vaccine

What type of vaccine creates proteins to trigger an immune response?

subunit vaccine

Which vaccine contains a killed, antigenic component of the pathogen and requires several booster doses?

toxoid vaccine

Which vaccine contains a toxin made by a pathogen and may require booster shots?

viral vector vaccine

What vaccine uses a modified version of a different pathogen as a vector to deliver protection without causing serious illness?

antigen

What is derived from disease-causing organisms in vaccines?

stabilizers

What maintains the effectiveness and stability of vaccines during storage?

adjuvants

What enhances the immune response and stimulates antibody production in vaccines?

antibiotic

What is used during vaccine manufacturing to prevent bacterial contamination of tissue culture cells?

preservatives

What are added to multi-dose vaccines to maintain safety and prevent contamination?

Thimerosal

What preservative containing ethyl mercury is used in some vaccines and cosmetics?

formaldehyde

What is used to inactivate viruses and detoxify bacterial toxins during vaccine production but is removed before final use?

infectious diseases

What type of diseases are still common in the Philippines?

non-communicable diseases

What type of diseases are increasing in the Philippines?

disaster-related health problems

What type of health problems are increasingly affecting the Philippines?

nosocomial infections

What infections are acquired during or after healthcare in medical facilities?

prevention of infection and infectious diseases

What is a primary benefit of immunization programs?

sterilizing immunity

What term means complete prevention of infection by a vaccine?

control of mortality, morbidity, and complications

What benefit comes from pre-exposure and post-exposure vaccination?

disease eradication

What is the complete removal of a disease from the world?

smallpox

Which disease has been totally eradicated through immunization?

MMR vaccine

Which vaccine can help eliminate rubella and mumps?

environmental reservoir and animal reservoir

What types of reservoirs pose challenges to immunization?

pharmacists as vaccine advocates

What role can pharmacists play in immunization programs?

pharmacists-run immunization clinics

What is one purpose of pharmacist-run immunization clinics?

education and training

What should be incorporated into pharmacy curricula to promote pharmacists' roles in immunization?

pharmacist as educator, facilitator, immunizer

What are the three levels of pharmacist involvement in vaccine advocacy?

live attenuated vaccines contraindicated during pregnancy

Which vaccines are contraindicated for pregnant women?