Lesson 2 Charles Darwin and his Theory on Evolution
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16 Terms
1
Who is considered the Father of Evolution?
Charles Darwin
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2
In what year was Charles Darwin born?
1809
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3
What is the key concept of Darwin's Theory of Evolution?
Evolution is the process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms.
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4
What was one of the significant influences on Darwin's thinking?
James Hutton's Theory of Geological change.
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5
What did Thomas Malthus contribute to Darwin's ideas about population growth?
He suggested that living beings compete for resources, leading to the survival of the fittest.
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6
What is Lamarck's theory of evolution based on?
The idea of a tendency toward perfection and inheritance of acquired traits.
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7
What was the primary role of Charles Darwin on the HMS Beagle?
To collect specimens and make observations to contribute to scientific understanding.
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8
Which islands did Darwin study that influenced his theories?
The Galapagos Islands.
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9
How many species of finches inhabit the Galapagos Islands?
13 species.
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10
What is one example of natural selection observed by Darwin?
The adaptation of finches' beaks to their specific diets.
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11
What does 'survival of the fittest' refer to in evolutionary theory?
It refers to the idea that individuals best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
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12
What are the five basic components of natural selection?
Variation, Inheritance, Differential Survival and Reproduction, Adaptation, Selective Pressure.
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13
What happens to the characteristics of fit individuals in a population over time?
They increase in prevalence, while less favored traits diminish.
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14
When was 'The Origin of Species' published?
November 24, 1859.
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15
What is a phylogenetic tree?
A diagram showing the evolutionary history of a species.
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16
What is the difference between divergent and convergent evolution?
Divergent evolution is the formation of new species from an existing species; convergent evolution is when unrelated species evolve similar traits as they adapt to similar environments.
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