new chap 7

what are computer ethics

a set of principles meant to regulate the use of computers

what are three factors considered in computer ethics

intellectual property rights (copying software without permission), privacy issues (i.e. hacking or illegally accessing data), and effect of computers on society

why is joining a professional ethical body good

it shows professional integrity/ increase clients’ trust, , there might be an exam requirement showing the programmer is knowledgeable, it offers support like legal advice or courses

what are two main professional bodies

the british computer society (BCS) in the UK and the institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) in the USA

what issues with public safety should organisations consider in order to act ethically

health/ safety concerns, benefitting the public, and their concerns

how may an organisation act unethically

selling software that doesn’t meet the security standard, covering up security issues, releasing private data, social media not policing certain activity, and search engines giving results at the top because they were paid to

what is software protected by and what does it help stop

it’s protected by copyright laws and it helps avoid software piracy, which is when illegal copies of software are made

what are the types of software licensing

commercial software, free software foundation , the open source initiative and shareware

what is commercial software

when customers pay a fee to access a software on a single device or for a multi-use license for multiple. It might be free if users bought its original / earlier version. It’s copyright protected and none of the code can be used without permission from its owner

what are the free software foundation and the open source initiative both

non-profit organisations that believe users should be able to run, copy, change and adapt software

what’s shareware

software users can use for free during a trial period. It misses some features of the real thing and once it ends, users are asked to pay if they want to continue using it. It’s copyrighted

what’s the advantage of shareware

programmers can receive constructive feedback, more people may try the program because it’s free, and it’s copyrighted so therefore protected

what are the downsides of shareware for users

the limited features mean users have to pay for full functionality, they may see constant reminders to buy the full version which is disruptive, and downloading multiple shareware from different sources increases the chance of downloading malware

what are the downsides of shareware for programmers

potential for reduced revenue if users decide not to buy the full version, there’s the risk of piracy leading to more profit lost , and they provide support and maintenance with no guranteed pay back

what are the advantages of commercial software for the company

a fee can be charged so it gets profit, has strict rules that protects it from piracy and often has services to enhance user experience and security

what are the advantages of commercial software for users

it has a dependable performance that comes with support and upgrades as well as robust security

what are the disadvantages of commercial software for users

the cost of software, the lack of customization to fit specific user needs, and users have to rely on the developers for updates which is bad if they close

where may ai be applied

robotics, customers services or assistance, and data analysis/ decision making

ai in automation and robotics

it can be used for automation in industries like manufacturing or logistics, enhancing precision and reducing the need for human labour

ai in customer services and virtual assistance

it can be used to power ai chat-bots and virtual assistants to improve customer services by automating responses and handling multiple requests

ai in data analysis and decision making

it can analyze large sets of data very quickly/ accurately which can support tasks in healthcare, finance, and marketing to detect frauds, making diagnosis’ and analyse consumer behaviour

what are three applications that ai could affect

business, social, an environmental

ai advantages in business

its automation would increase productivity while reduce labour costs, analyze large sets of data allowing it to predict trends and enhance planning, and personalize experiences increasing satisfaction and loyalty

ai disadvantages in business

the initial cost of implementation is high due to specialized components and a need to develop and maintain the ai, it will lead to the loss of many jobs, and integrating ai can be complex

what is the social impact of ai

its automation of tasks can lead to the loss of jobs but also create new ones in tech fields, it raises ethical and privacy concerns, and it can affect how people interact online - increasing certain content and influencing people’s thoughts and opinions

ai impact on the environment

its analysis on climate data will allow more precise predictions, it will help wildlife conservation as it can detect coaching via satellites and sensor data, and it can help monitor air and water pollution/ how to enforce environmental laws