2.7 intelligence and achievement

Intelligence

How well we learn, solve problems, and adapt to new things.

Psychometric Psychologist

Those who make and examine measures of the brain, often involving mathematical equations to assess intelligence or behavior.

Achievement Tests

Tests that measure what you already know, akin to report cards in test form.

Aptitude Tests

Tests that predict how well we would do in the future, assessing our potential for success in a specific area.

General Intelligence (g)

A singular intelligence that powers all mental abilities; if you're good at one thing, you're likely good at others.

Factor Analysis

A statistical method used to sort out data based on similarities, identifying relationships between traits.

Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test

A test measuring intelligence and comparing it to others, often used to identify who may need extra help.

Intelligence Quotient (IQ)

A score used to compare one's intelligence with others of the same age.

Mental Age

A measure of cognitive abilities compared to the average capabilities for that age group.

Wechsler Intelligence Scale

A test that determines intelligence levels in both children and adults.

Crystallized Intelligence

The ability to use learned knowledge and experiences, increasing with age.

Fluid Intelligence

The ability to think fast and solve new problems that have not been encountered before.

Triarchic Theory of Intelligence

A theory proposing three types of intelligence: analytical, creative, and practical.

Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner's theory that proposes eight types of intelligence, suggesting people are talented in various ways.

Emotional Intelligence (EQ)

The ability to understand and manage emotions, which includes self-awareness, self-regulation, social skills, and empathy.

Standardization

The process of ensuring a test is the same for everyone, maintaining fairness.

Reliability (Split-Half Reliability)

A method to check test consistency by comparing scores from two halves of a test.