APUSH specific evidence review (periods 1-4)

For all you APUSH cram-studiers here's the specific evidence you need to know ;). It is in (mostly) chronological order.

What was the name of and when was the first permanent English colony founded in the New World?

Jamestown, 1607

What are the three sisters?

Squash, beans, and corn

What year did Christopher Columbus arrive?

1492 (Here’s the rhyme to remember: Columbus sailed the ocean BLUE in 1492. On the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria)

What was the encomiendas system?

The system that the Spanish used to profit off the indigenous people they enslaved in South America

What was the New England region of the colonies known for producing?

Shipbuilding, crops

What was the nickname used for the Middle colonies?

The Breadbasket

What was the first representative body in the 13 original colonies?

The House of Burgesses

What was the Headright system?

You would be given 50 acres if you found passage to the New World and agreed to settle and farm the land

When did the first African American slaves arrive in the New World?

1619

What was Bacon’s rebellion?

A combination of colonists, and indentured servants upset about the taxes and the lack of protection from Native American attacks

What is one similarity between Pontiac’s rebellion and King Phillip’s war?

Both were fought by coalitions of Native American tribes who hoped to drive out encroaching colonists

Who gave the “City Upon a Hill” speech and in what year was it given?

John Winthrop, 1630

What were the Navigation acts?

1.) England controls who the colonists trade with

2.) That all goods pass through England

3.) Certain goods exclusively traded with England

What were the years for the French and Indian war?

1754-1763

What are some of the major effects of the French and Indian war?

France kicked out of North America, Britain taxes colonies and enforces Navigation acts to pay war expenses, colonists feel a sense of pride in their victories

Why did the British Parliament set a proclamation line in 1763?

It was in the hopes that it would stop further conflicts between settlers and Native Americans

What did the Tea Act do?

It made it harder for the colonists to smuggle in Dutch tea and forced them to buy British tea instead

What caused Great Britain to pass the Intolerable/Coercive Acts?

The Boston tea party

What was included in the Intolerable Acts?

1.) Boston Harbor closed

2.) Boston’s charter was revoked (essentially put them under martial law)

3.) You must feed and house soldiers at their request (aka Quartering act)

Why were colonists upset about the Quebec act?

1.) It expanded the Quebec territory to include part of the Ohio River Valley (which the colonists felt they were entitled to after helping to win the French and Indian war)

2.) It protected Catholics right to live there (Which the predominantly protestant American colonists did not like)

What is one similarity between the Sugar, Stamp, and Townshend acts?

They all taxed certain products

Fill in the blank: No taxation without ________?

Representation

What was the goal of the First Continental Congress? (1774)

To organize a boycott of British goods, still maintaining civil relations

What was the goal of the Second Continental Congress? (1775)

To coordinate the war effort, some plans of further peace talks with England

What was the Albany plan of Union and why did it fail?

It was Benny Franks idea to have a unified government in the colonies but the colonies feared losing their autonomy so it was rejected

What was the first battle of the American Revolution?

Lexington and Concord

What is the significance of the Battle of Saratoga?

It convinced the French to support the Americans monetarily and with Naval support

What were some of the weaknesses of the Articles of the Confederation?

No ability to tax, standing army, executive branch

What was the key difference between Shay’s rebellion and the Whiskey rebellion?

Under the Articles of the Confederation, the central government had trouble quelling Shay’s rebellion but with the Constitution. the whiskey rebellion was easily stopped

What was the 3/5ths compromise?

The agreement that each slave would count as 3/5ths of a person representation wise in the House of Representatives

What was did the Northwest ordinance do?

It established the qualifications a territory needs to enter the Union as a state

Why did the US proclaim neutrality in the French Revolution in 1793?

1.) Not stable enough yet

2.) No money

3.) Ther previous agreements were signed with a King who is now dead

What was the Pinckney treaty? (1795)

Spain allows US access to Louisiana river

What sparked the XYZ affair?

The French seizing ships and sailors

What did the Alien and Sedition acts do?

Allowed the government to deport and silence anyone against the Quasi-war with France

What was the Hartford Convention?

A meeting where the Federalists complained about the War of 1812 and this ultimately doomed the party as it was seen as unpatriotic when it was exposed

Who passed the Indian Removal Act and why?

Pres. Andrew Jackson, he wanted to make way for settlers to move westward

What was the overall shift that occurred during the Market Revolution?

The shift from homemade goods to consumer goods

What did the 1803 court case Marbury v. Madison establish?

The principle of judicial review, the Supreme Court can decide whether legislative and executive branch decisions are constitutional

When were the Embargo Acts passed and why?

1807, Great Britain and France were seizing our soldiers and ships so the US government hoped to stop this by refusing to trade with them. Ultimately this led to a trade deficit as England was our primary trade partner

Why wasn’t there a nation-wide economic panic before 1819?

Because the economy wasn’t interconnected enough before the Market Revolution

How did Eli Whitney’s cotton gin impact the spread of slavery?

It allowed a variety of cotton that could be grown outside of the deep south to be harvested for immense profit

What was the Cult of Domesticity?

The idea that women and men occupied different spheres and that women were responsible for things inside the house (domestic) and men were responsible for things outside (education, jobs, voting)

What are some key differences between the Cult of Domesticity and Republican Motherhood?

The eras in which they were brought about (post American revolution and post market revolution) and while the Cult of Domesticity emphasizes women’s role inside the home, Republican motherhood emphasizes a mother’s responsibility to teach their sons to be good voters

What was the Monroe doctrine?

A US issued, British supported, declaration that told Europe to stay out of North and South America and that the US would intervene if violated

What issue sparked the nullification crisis of 1828 in South Carolina?

The highest tariff in US history

What rebellion happended in 1831 that caused people in the South to pass harsher slave laws?

Nat Turner’s slave rebellion

What was the (alleged) Corrupt Bargain in the 1824 presidential election?

Some saw Henry Clay’s appointment to Secretary of State by John Q Adams after the election of 1824 as perhaps being a secret deal between the two men. Clay gets Adams elected, Adams makes Clay Secretary of State

What were the two main parts of the Missouri compromise?

1.) Maine enters the nation as a free state, Missouri as a slave state

2.) All territory above the 36 parallel will enter the nation as a free state, anything under can be a slave state

What was the Wilmot Proviso? (1846)

The proposal to ban slavery in all Mexican Cession territory, never passed

What was the American Colonization Society’s goal?

To send African Americans back to Africa

What happens at the Seneca Falls convention of 1848?

Women gathered to discuss the suffrage movement

What did the treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo do? (1848)

Gave the US some Mexican territory in the Southwest