Anatomy quiz 3

Superior constrictor origin

Superior constrictor origin

Mylohyoid line, sphenoid, pterygomandibular ligament

Superior constrictor fiber course

Backward and toward midline

Superior constrictor insertion point

Medial raphe of posterior pharyngeal wall

Superior constrictor function

Moves posterior pharyngeal wall forward and the lateral pharyngeal wall inward

Inferior constrictor origin

Thyroid and cricoid cartilages

Inferior constrictor fiber course

Backward toward midline (fan shape)

inferior constrictor insertion point

Median raphe of pharyngeal tube

inferior constrictor function

Draws posterior wall forward and lateral walls forward an inward

Middle constrictor origin

Hyoid bone and styloid ligament

Middle constrictor fiber course

Backward toward midline (fan shape)

Middle constrictor insertion point

Median raphe of pharynx

Middle constrictor function

Posterior pharyngeal wall moves forward and the lateral pharyngeal wall moves inward

Salpingopharyngeus origin

Pharyngeal orifice of auditory tube
(eustachian tube)

Salpingopharyngeus fiber course

Doward vertically

Salpingopharyngeus insertion point

Lateral wall of lower pharynx

Salpingopharyngeus function

Pulls lateral wall of pharynx upward and inward

Stylopharyngeus origin

Styloid process of temporal bone

Stylopharyngeus fiber course

Downward and forward toward midline

Stylopharyngeus insertion point

Lateral wall of pharynx near junction of superior and middle constrictors. Some fibers extend further and insert into thyroid cartilage.

Stylopharyngeus function

Pulls upward on pharyngeal tube and draws lateral pharynx to the side

Palatopharyngeus origin

Soft palate

Palatopharyngeus fiber course

Downward and to the side through posterior faucial pillar

Palatopharyngeus insertion point

Thyroid cartilage and lateral wall of pharynx

Palatopharyngeus function

Pulls inward and upward on pharyngeal wall (elevates larynx and pharynx)

Palatal levator origin

Hard portion of the temporal bone and cartilaginous portion of the auditory tube

Palatal levator fiber course

Downward and forward toward midline

Palatal levator insertion point

40% of velum

Palatal levator function

Draws velum upward and backward

Palatal tensor origin

Sphenoid bone and close to the eustachian tube

Palatal tensor fiber course

Vertically downward and inward

Palatal tensor insertion point

Medial pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone / hard palate and velum

Palatal tensor function

Dilation of eustachian tube

Uvulus origin

Side of the posterior nasal spine and behind the hard palate

Uvulus fiber course

downward and backward

Uvulus insertion point

Mucous membrane of the uvula

Uvulus function

Shortens/ lifts velum and increases thickness

Glassopalatine origin

Side of the tongue and muscle of the velum

Glassoplalatine fiber course

Upward and inward

Glassopalatine insertion point

Palatal aponeurosis

Glassopalatine function

Downward and forward pull on the velum

Pharyngopalatine origin

Lateral wall of the pharynx and thyroid cartilage

Pharyngopalatine fiber course

Upward and toward the midline

Pharyngopalatine insertion point

Soft palate

Pharyngopalatine function

Downward and backward pull on the velum