Criminal Justice chapter 4

Policing

keep peace and social order

what do serious violations lead to

sanctions

What did elders so in these situation

mediate

rulers, civil servants and judges expanded roles

from code of hummarabi 

What did soldiers do

enforce laws against robbers

who was in charge of investigating crime in ancient times

citizens

slaves policed

other slaves

in Ancient Rome who provided security in Roman Empire

specialized armed forces 

what were most crimes in Ancient Rome?

personal matters between victims and offenders

stocks

intended to publicly shame

Marshal

Londons first city marshal

night watch system 

all community volunteers,

town constables were

unpaid

how long was community policing citizens responsibilty for

til 19th century

police officers were paid under the

city marshal

Sir Robert peel 

London metro model 

spoils system

police officers influenced by politicians due to funding dependency

big boom was when

during prohibition

public trust in police

was and is still very low

professional model emphasized 

education and training to reduce police corruption 

professional model caused

depersonalized policing

community policing

alienated police from their communities

Observed contemporary police work being more reactive rather than proactive

Goldstein

reactive policing 

action taken by police after a crime or in response to it 

proactive policing

anticipatory police actions to reduce crime