dusijnkvaskj art UHG

Alberti, Leon Battista

(1404-72) humanist scholar & architect, wrote Della pittura /On Painting.

Aristotelian

inspired by the philosopher Aristotle, important for logic.

Brancacci

patron for the Brancacci Chapel painted by Masaccio in Sta. Maria del Carmine in Florence.

Brunelleschi, Filippo

(1377-1446) Florentine architect, designed dome of Florence Cathedral, demonstrated the use of one-point perspective.

cartoon

preparatory drawing or sketch.

chiaroscuro

contrast of light and dark from chiaro (light) and oscuro (dark) used for modeling.

contrapposto

the pose that shows the weight shift of a standing figure.

dentilation

the notches that can be found on a cornice of a building that resemble teeth.

Deposition

for iconography, used to refer to the action of taking Christ down from the Cross.

dome

rounded vault used for the roof of a building; also known as a cupola.

engraving

refers to the intaglio printmaking process; lines are cut in the metal plate to hold the ink.

equestrian

can refer to a person on horseback.

finito

Italian for finished.

Francesca, Piero della

(1415-92) Painter born in Sansepolcro; also worked in Arezzo and Urbino.

fresco

painting on wet plaster using pigments suspended in water.

High Renaissance

the "high" point of the Renaissance culminating in Leonardo, Michelangelo and Raphael.

humanism

can refer to studies that address the human role of action that also informs civic humanism.

Istoria

used by Alberti to discuss history painting as the best type of painting.

Julius II

Pope 1503-13, born Giuliano della Rovere, patron for Michelangelo and Raphael.

Last Supper

event in the life of Christ in Matthew 26:20-30; Mark 14: 12-26; Luke 22: 7-38; John 13: 1-30.

Lenzi

long held to be the patrons for Masaccio's Trinity in Santa Maria Novella, Florence.

Leo X

Pope 1513-21, born Giovanni de' Medici, important patron of Raphael.

Lucy

saint painted by Domenico Veneziano.

maniera

Italian for style; used as the basis for the term Mannerism as a late phase of Renaissance art.

Mannerism

used for art after 1520 that seems to refer to a self-conscious style on the part of artists.

Masolino

(active 1423-1447) a collaborator with Masaccio on the Brancacci Chapel.

Masaccio

(1401-c.1428) worked on the Pisa Polytych, frescoes in the Brancacci Chapel and the Trinity in Sta. Maria Novella.

Medici

family with political influence and wealth in Florence, see Lorenzo and Popes Leo X and Clement VII.

memento mori

Latin for remember that you die; see the skeleton under Masaccio's Trinity.

Michelangelo

Buonarotti (1475-1564) sculptor (painter & architect) associated with the High Renaissance.

mitre

ceremonial dress or a bishop's hat.

module

a unit or standardized part used to describe Brunelleschi's architecture.

mortuary temple

a funerary temple, sometimes located near a grave.

naturalism

used to describe the realistic qualities of Renaissance art versus photographic realism.

Neoplatonism

rooted in the philosophy of Plato, revived during the Renaissance.

niche

see the recessed spaces for sculpture at Orsanmichele.

night

scenes set a night are rare during the Renaissance; sometimes artists such as Michelangelo contrasted day and night using allegorical figures.

non-finito

unfinished; used by David Summers to describe Michelangelo's late sculpture.

nuovo

Italian for new. See church names such as Santa Maria Nuovo.

oculus

a round or "eye-like" opening such as a round window.

oil paint

the use of ground pigment and oil; refers to a paint medium, often applied to canvas.

one-point

can refer to the single vanishing point used for one-point perspective.

opera

Italian for work; also used to refer to a committee that administered services and commissioned art for churches.

ospedale

Italian for hospital, see architecture by Brunelleschi.

palazzo

Italian for palace; see the Palazzo Pubblico in Siena and the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence.

Peter

see Saint Peter, depicted in frescoes by Masaccio in the Brancacci Chapel.

piazza

city-square or a public square.

Pietà

used for a representation of Mary mourning over the dead body of Christ.

Plato

Greek philosopher from Ancient Greece; known for the Platonist school of thought.

Platonic Academy

a community of philosophers; see Raphael's School of Athens.

polyptych

altarpiece or devotional object consisting of more than three sections.

pope

the bishop of Rome, known as the supreme pontiff and head of the Catholic Church and papal states.

predella

the pedestal or lower area of an altarpiece.

restoration

specifically art restoration.

Savonarola, Girolamo

(1452-98) Dominican friar; prior of San Marco in Florence, preacher and martyr.

serpentine

used to describe a pose in which the figure spirals around a central axis.

Sforza, Battista

wife of Federico da Montefeltro of Urbino, painted by Piero della Francesca.

sfumato

Italian term for smoky; refer to painting techniques used to make objects appear distant.

sibyls

prophetesses or oracles in Ancient Greece depicted on the Sistine Ceiling.

sinopia

dark, reddish-brown natural earth pigment used for preliminary sketches.

Sistine Chapel

chapel in Vatican City, the official residence of the pope.

Strozzi

family in Florence; commission an altarpiece by Gentile da Fabriano.

terribilità

emotional intensity of art that evokes terror and awe.

Titian

(d. 1576) famous painter of Venice; painted Sacred and Profane Love.

tomb

see the Tomb of Julius II designed by Michelangelo.

tondo

from the Italian rotondo; used to designate circular paintings or circular works of art.

trompe l'oeil

from the French for trick the eye; it refers to visual illusion in art.

Uccello, Paolo

(1397-1475) painter of the Battle of San Romano who had a geometrical style.

Uffizi

a palace in Florence built by Giorgio Vasari and opened as a museum.

vanishing point

the point at which receding lines meet when using one-point perspective.

Vasari, Giorgio

(1511-74) painter, architect, and author of the Lives of the Artists published in 1550 & 1568.

Venetian

relating to Venice and the people of Venice.

vestibule

see the entranceway to the Laurentian Library of San Lorenzo by Michelangelo.

Vinci

town in Tuscany that was the birthplace of Leonardo da Vinci.

Vitruvius

1st century BCE Roman author of an architectural treatise, De architectura.