medical terminology chapter 15

Bone Process

Enlarged areas that extend out from bones and serve as attachments for muscles, tendons, and ligaments.

Condyle

Rounded knuckle-like process, at the end of a bone.

Epicondyle

Small rounded process above the condyle.

Trochanters

Large and small processes for tendon attachments on the femur.

Fissure

Narrow groove or slit-like opening.

Foramen

Opening for blood vessels and nerves.

Fossa

Shallow cavity in or on a bone.

Sinus

Hollow cavity within bone.

Acetabulum

Rounded depression, or socket, in the pelvis that joins the femur forming the hip joint.

Cancellous Bone

Spongy or trabecular bone made up of bony fibers that create a spongy latticework in the inner part of a bone.

Osteoclast

Bone cell that absorbs and removes unwanted bony tissue.

Fontanelle

Soft spot between skull bones of an infant.

Scoliosis

Abnormal bending of the spinal cord to the side.

Kyphosis

Condition causing a hunchback appearance due to pressure on the spine.

Myelopoiesis

Formation of bone marrow.

Osteitis

Inflammation of a bone, also known as Paget's disease.

Patella

Kneecap.

Osteoporosis

Decrease in bone density leading to weakened bones.

Polymyositis

Symmetric disorder of muscle weakness and pain.

Articular Cartilage

Smooth, strong tissue that cushions joints.

Crepitus

Crackling or grating sound caused by bones and cartilage rubbing against each other.

Haversian Canals

System of small canals in compact bone containing blood vessels.

Spondylolisthesis

Forward slipping of a vertebra over another.

Chondrosarcoma

Cancerous tumor of cartilage.

Arthrodesis

Surgical fusion of a joint to eliminate movement.

Bone Density Test

Test using low energy x-ray to measure bone mass.

DEXA

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry used to test bone mineral density.

RA

Rheumatoid arthritis.

NSAID

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

Fx

Fracture.

AKA

Above knee amputation.

ROM

Range of motion.

Ca

Calcium.

IM

Intramuscular.

ANA

Antinuclear antibody, an indicator of systemic lupus erythematosus.

OA

Osteoarthritis.

Hematopoiesis

Production of all types of blood cells in the bone marrow.