WK 7 - Circulation of the CNS

vertebral artery

posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

basilar artery

anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) and superior cerebellar artery (SCA)

circle of willis

formed by the communicating arteries that allow blood from the basilar artery and the internal carotid arteries to supply the cerebral hemispheres

vertebral artery supply

cervical spinal cord, medulla, and smaller vessels to cerebellum

basilar artery supply

pontine nuclei, cerebellum, and descending tracts of corticobulbar, corticospinal, and corticopontine fibers

anterior cerebral artery supply

medial surface of frontal and parietal lobes

middle cerebral artery supply

lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes

posterior cerebral artery supply

inferior and medial surface of the parietal and temporal lobes, and supplies occipital lobe through smaller vessels

ACA blockage

problems with motor/sensory of legs and trunk region on the contralateral side

MCA blockage

problems with hte use of the arm, hand, and oral motor region on the contralateral side

cerebellar artery bloackage

disturbances in grading of movements on ipsilateral side

locked-in syndrome

damage to the ventral portion of pons; interrupts corticospinal and corticobulbar pathways

ischemic stroke

blocks the flow of blood via antheroma, thrombosis, or emboli

hemorrhagic stroke

stroke caused by ruptured blood vessel

aneurysm

ballooning or an out-pouching of the vessel wall

CSF circulation

lateral ventricles > foramina of Monro > third ventricle > aqueduct of Sylvius > fourth ventricle > foramen of Magendie > foramina of Luschka > subarachnoid space > brain and SC

CSF

cerebrospinal fluid made by modified ependymal cells in the choroid plexus

CSF purposes

bouyancy, protection, chemical stability, prevention of brain ischemia