Homeostasis and Body Systems Vocabulary

Vocabulary flashcards covering homeostasis, feedback mechanisms, and the major body systems based on the lecture material.

Homeostasis

The ability of a system to maintain a steady state or range of values.

Positive Feedback

A feedback system in which the stimulus and response are the same.

Negative Feedback

A feedback system in which the stimulus and response are opposite.

Insulin

A hormone secreted by the body to lower blood glucose levels when they get too high.

Glucagon

A hormone secreted by the body to raise blood glucose levels when they get too low.

Integumentary System

A body system comprising the hair, skin, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands; functions in protecting the body, secreting waste, producing vitamin D, regulating body temperature, and supporting sensory receptors.

Skeletal System

A body system consisting of bones, ligaments, and cartilage that provides protection and support, produces red blood cells, and stores chemical salts.

Muscular System

A body system that moves the body, helps maintain posture, and produces heat.

Nervous System

A body system consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and receptors that receives sensory information, detects changes, and stimulates muscles and glands in response.

Endocrine System

A series of glands that secrete hormones and contain feedback systems to help maintain homeostasis.

Lymphatic System

A system including lymph vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, and spleen that returns excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream, absorbs and transports fats from the digestive system, and defends the body against infection.

Immune System

A system consisting of cells and antibodies that help the body fight pathogens, with associated organs such as the thymus and spleen.

Blood

A fluid system containing cells and plasma that transports oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, hormones, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and wastes.

Cardiovascular System

A body system including the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins whose function is to transport blood.

Respiratory System

A body system consisting of the nasal cavity, lungs, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi that supplies the body with oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide.

Digestive System

A body system including the mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestines that functions to receive, break down, and absorb food, and eliminate wastes.

Urinary System

A body system including the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra that functions to remove wastes, maintain water and electrolyte balance, and store and transport urine.

Reproductive System

A body system that passes genetic information down to future generations and produces hormones that help the body to mature.