COR 015: Philosophy — Modules 1-6

Philosophy

Refers to man's life-long search for their own meaning, values, and purpose

Philos and sophia

Philosophy came from the words:

Love

What is the meaning of Philos

Wisdom

What is the meaning of Sophia?

Love of Wisdom

What does philosophy mean?

Knowledge

Comes from the society where they were born & raised

Conditioning

Inherited or acquired knowledge

Pythagoras

Treated philosophy as a way of life and gave emphasis to contemplation

Pythagoras

Made important contributions to mathematics, known as the Pythagorean Theorem

Pythagoras

Believed in Reincarnation

Thales

Considered as the father of western philosophy

Thales

Regarded as one of the seven mages (wise men)

Water

What was the substance that Thales claimed comprised everything?

Heraclitus

He claimed that everything was changing

Heraclitus

Claimed that the only thing permanent was change

Heraclitus

He used fire to emphasize his idea of change

Theoretical Philosophy and Practical Philosophy

These are the two main branches of philosophy

Theoretical Philosophy

studies the principles of human knowledge, thought, argumentation and communication, the nature of language, consciousness, and metaphysics.

Practical Philosophy

uses philosophical methods and insights to explore how people can lead wiser and more reflective lives

Ontology

Study of being

Epistemology

study of knowledge

Metaphysics

The study of reality and existence

Theodicy

The study of God on logical abstraction

Logic

The study of correct-thinking and valid reasoning

Ethics

The study of morality and right living

Axiology

The study of values

Speculative Approach

Analytic Approach

These are the two approaches in philosophy

Speculative Approach

Based mainly on assumptions or possibilities

Analytic Approach

Based on evidence, data, and logical analysis to reach a conclusion

Plato

Student of Socrates

Aristotle

Student of Plato

Plato

He claimed that man is a soul

Aristotle

He claimed that man is both body and soul

1.) Rational Soul/element

2.) Spirited Soul/element

3.) Bodily Soul/element

What are the three parts that plato separated the souls into

Reason, language, and honesty

Rational Soul/element

Emotions and feelings

Spirited Soul/element

Hunger, appetite, desire

Bodily Soul/element

Action

Body

Thinking

Soul

1.) Vegetative (Nutritive) Soul

2.) Locomotive (Sensitive) Soul

3.) Rational Soul

What are the three kinds of souls according to Aristotle?

Soul of Plants

Vegetative (Nutritive) Soul

Soul of animals

Locomotive (Sensitive) Soul

Soul of Man

Rational Soul