IB HL Biology - Subcellular Structure and function | unfinished

Processes Of Life, Origin of Cells, and Cell types

Nucleic Acids

DNA and RNA

Functions of nucleic acids

DNA - Storing and transmitting genetic information.

Monomer of nucleic acids

Nucleotide

Polymer of nucleic acids

Polynucleotide

3 parts of a nucleotide

1. Phosphate group

2. Pentose sugars

3. Nitrogenous base

Elements found in nucleic acids

C, H, O, N and phosphorus

What is the circle?

Phosphate

What is the pentagon?

Pentose sugar

What is the rectangle?

Nitrogenous Base

The type of pathway that synthesizes polynucleotides

Anabolic

Type of reaction that occurs and what bond is formed during the polynucleotide reaction?

Condensation

Phosphodiester bond

connect neighboring nucleotides within that polynucleotide strands

Sugar phosphate backbone including the type of bond involved

Repeating patterens of the pentose sugar, then phosphate along with the polynucleotide. Held together by phosphodiester.

2 pentose sugars found in nucleic acids. Molelcular difference.

• Deoxyribose | has 2 -H on 2’ carbons | no oxygen | in DNA

• Ribose | has -OH on 2’ carbons | in RNA

Purines

2 rings

• Adenine

• Guanine

Pryrimidines

1 ring

• Cytosine

• Thymine

• Uracil